가로망 공간구조 특성이 토지가격에 미치는 영향 - 서울시를 사례로 -
A Study on the Effects of Street Network Layout on Land Price in Seoul, Korea
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도시 경제와 공간 경제학은 도시 가로망 특성에 의한 접근성 변화가 부동산 가격과 임대료에 미치는 영향을 오랫동안 연구해 왔다. 이 연구는 도시 가로망 공간 특성이 부동산 가격에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 이 연구의 차별성은 그동안 대표적인 접근방법인 공간 구문론을 개선할 수 있는 가로망 네트워크 링크 중심의 접근방법을 적용하여 서울시 가로망 공간 특성을 진단한다. 그 다음 인접 중앙성, 사이 중앙성, 단절성, 효율성으로 구분되는 총 4개 부문의 진단한 가로망 특성이 비주거용과 주거용 토지 가격에 미치는 영향을 다층회귀모형으로 분석한다. 특히, 총 4개의 가로망 특성을 5개의 네트워크 반경별로 측정한 후 비교한다. 분석결과에서 다음과 같은 점을 발견하였다. 첫째, 인접 중앙성이 높을수록 비주거용과 주거용 토지가격에 긍정적 효과를 주었다. 둘째, 사이 중앙성이 높은 가로망 인근의 토지가격은 다른 변수를 통제했을 때 높게 나타났다. 그 효과는 주거용보다 비주거용 토지가격에서 더 크게 나타났다. 셋째, 출발지와 도착지 사이 직선거리보다 네트워크 거리가 멀어 단절성이 높을수록 인근 지역의 토지가격에 부정적 효과를 주었다. 끝으로, 일정한 가로망이 차지하는 공간적 범위를 구조적으로 진단한 두 개의 효율성 지표는 그 값이 높을수록 토지 가격을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구의 결과는 앞으로 가로망의 공간구조적 특성 진단, 미래 가로망 변화에 따른 파급 효과 예측, 가로망의 공간구조가 토지 시장에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 기초적 분석틀을 제공할 것이다.
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the role of street spatial layout in shaping of property values. Urban and spatial economics focus on the effects of accessibility through street structure on property values and rents. Few studies identified the effects of link-based street layout on property values. The empirical models confirmed that higher closeness and betweenness positively affected non-residential and residential land value. The effects on non-residential land value were greater than on residential one. While higher severance generated negative effects on land value, greater efficiency of network layout produced positive effects on the value. This study provides insightful policy implication on measuring of current network layout, predicting effects of future network, and evaluating the responses of property market to change of network spatial layout.
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