중국 정치 엘리트의 특성: 유형화와 그 변화
The Characteristics of Chinese Political Elites: Typology and Transformation
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초록
본 연구는 중국 정치 엘리트의 특성을 보편적 틀로써 규명해보자 하는 목적을 가지고 있다. 특히 최신 세계 정치 엘리트 이론을 비판적으로 검토한 기초 위에서 중국 정치 엘리트에 대한 유형화를 시도하고, 동시에 그 변화를 고찰하고 있다. 기본 자료는 1921년부터 2003년까지의 중국 공산당 중앙위원 1,604명의 기록을 정리한 ‘중국 정치 엘리트 데이터베이스(1921~2003)’이다. 연구 결과 중국 정치 엘리트는 강한 통합 정도와 낮은 분화 정도 그리고 급진적 방식과 넓은 범위의 순환을 그 특징으로 하는 이념형/대체형에서 약한 통합 정도와 높은 분화 정도 그리고 점진적 방식과 좁은 범위의 순환을 그 특징으로 하는 분절형/재생산형으로 변화한 것으로 볼 수 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to explore the characteristics of Chinese political elites through the general framework. Specially, this research tries to identity types of Chinese political elites on the basis of a critical investigation of new political elite theories. Simultaneously, it examines the transformation of Chinese ones. The basic data of this research is 'The database of the members of central committee of Chinese Communist Party(1921~2003)'. As the result of this research, Chinese political elites has been transformed the type of ideocratic-replacement(the mixture of strong elite unity, narrow elite differentiation, sudden mode and wide scope of elite circulation) into the type of fragmented-reproduction(the mixture of weak elite unity, wide elite differentiation, gradual mode and narrow scope of elite circulation).
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