시안(西安) 출토 도관칠국육판은합(都管七國六瓣銀盒)에새겨진 “고리국(高麗國)”의 연대에 대한 연구

Abstract

The six petaled silver vessel(都管七國六瓣銀盒) discovered in Xi’an(西安) in 1979 has an inscription of the names of the seven kingdoms and human figure paintings. This paper concentrates on the part related to the kingdom of the Kori (高麗國) among the seven kingdoms. On the silver vessel, there is an inscription of Kori and a painting of a figure wearing a feathered hat. There have been debates concerning the figure whether he is a personal from ① Kori, ② Silla, ③ Parhae, and even ④ Kori with the last name Wang. These arguments resulted from the premise that the production date of the silver vessel was in the 9th century(Late Tang 晩唐) after Kori was collapsed. This dating was based on the art historical survey with the shape of the vessel, lacking the consideration on the historical context of the seven kingdoms and the subject of the painting. This paper emphasize two points in oder to prove that the figure was from the Kori. First, after analyzing the kingdoms carved on the silver vessels, they all existed in the same time period with the Kori. On the contrary, in the 9th century, the Tang’s relations were interrupted with not only the Kori (高麗國, BC 37~668) and the Tibet(吐蕃, 618~842) but also the Kashgar (疏勒) and Brahmin (婆羅門國) when Anxi prefecture (安西都護府) was destroyed in 808. Therefore, it is not probable that the painting shows the world view of the Tang in the center as surrounded by the seven kingdoms. Second, currently in Korea and Japan, it is regarded as the scene of the sarira distribution to the envoys from the Parhae or the Unified Silla from the late Tang. But, the paper suggests that by the written source that as early as in 602 in the early Sui dynasty, the Kori was bestowed the sarira from the Sui emperor, the scene of the sarira distribution can be dated to the early 7th century, 200 years earlier. Even if the vessel is the 9th century production, the scene carved on the vessel should be regarded as the scene established when the Kori existed. These kind of study research provides more convincing conclusion comparing the previous studies dating the vessel only on the basis of the style of the sarira case. Thus, the Kori on the silver vessel is the one before the Kori surrendered to Tang.