난창 방언의 입성(入聲) 운미 변화에 관한 소고

Abstract

In Modern Chinese, ‘Checked tone(入聲)’ usually refers to the ‘tone Category(調類))’ derived from the ‘Checked tone’ in Middle Chinese. ‘Nanchang Dialect’ means the dialects which are used at Nanchang- city(南昌市) and surrounding counties in Jiangxi-province(江西省). The terminal sounds(韻尾) in Checked-tone has started disappearing in this dialect, and the change of the terminal sounds carries on, for the hierarchies among the related constrains has changed. First, because markedness constraints(*-p]σ & *[+mid][-back]&k) prohibiting all of the ‘-p’ and a part of ‘-k’ dominate faithfulness constraint(Ident(PlaceF)) that preserves place features in obstruent terminal sounds, all of the ‘-p’ and ‘-k’ behind the essential vowel ‘ɛ(e)’ has changed into ‘-t’. But ‘-p’ and ‘-k’ can’t change into ‘-ʔ’, for the constraint ‘*[-oral]]σ’ has dominant ranking over the constraint ‘Ident (PlaceF)’. Second, ‘-k’ behind essential vowel ‘u, o, ɔ, a, ɑ’ has changed into ‘-ʔ’, since the hierarchical ranking has been reversed between *-p]σ and ‘*[-oral]]σ’.