국어 의향법의 하위범주화

Abstract

In this paper, I comprehensively reviewed the existing achievements of speaker intentions in Korean final endings and clarified their criteria for subcategorization, establishing a desirable subcategory system. Among the previously proposed criteria for classifying Korean speaker intentions, the numerical criteria is meaningful only as an auxiliary, not as a main measure, due to objectivity deficit. In addition, in the case of phonological standards related to the terminal contours of spoken Korean, it is difficult to be the main measure due to their natures. The realistic criteria for classifying Korean speaker intentions are the syntactic features including the simplification of final endings in indirect citations and the semantic features of final endings including the details of speaker's demands. The simplification of final endings reflects the details of speaker's demands. The semantic commonness among detailed speaker's demands allows the simplification only in each 4 speaker's intention groups, namely description, question, order, and request to do something together. The semantic conflicts prohibit the simplification among the 4 groups. So this like simplification in indirect quotations is an objective grammatical phenomenon, but naturally becomes a measure of meaningfully distinguishing Korean speaker intentions expressed in final endings. According to this standards, it is natural that Korean speaker intentions can be largely divided into description, question, order, and request. The major categories of speaker intentions of Korean can be subdivided again according to detailed grammatical and semantic features. Admiration, promise, alert and permission, which have been presented as primary classification results in many existing discussions, can only be meaningful in secondary categories. Admiration, promise and alert could be subcategories of description along with general description, and permission could be changed to 'weak order' due to it's nature, setting them to subcategories of command.