근대일본의 위생정책과 문화매체로의 각색　 －구메 마사오(久米正雄)의 「돌아오는 봄(回る春)」과 이와오 노부아키(岩尾信明)의 『적나라한 세상(世の赤裸)』을 중심으로－

Abstract

In this paper, we examine the use of cultural media in the process of implementing hygiene policies in modern Japan through a review of Kume Masao’s “The Return of Spring” and Iwao Nobuaki’s “Naked World.”First, Masao Kume’s “The Return of Spring” was hosted by the Japan Tuberculosis Prevention Association and the Japan Private Sanitation Association with all of Japan’s leading medical scholars mobilized. It was also a great success, utilizing media such as plays, movies, music, and cutting-edge technology such as airplanes, and it was evident that the Japanese government was paying a lot of attention to the spread of hygiene ideas and the prevention of tuberculosis. Second, through “Naked World,” hygiene ideas included the concept of public hygiene necessary for reproducing and maintaining the people needed to maintain a modern nation-state, and visual media were actively utilized to disseminate hygiene ideas and medical knowledge. It was found that the reality of pathogens and methods of practice in daily life were adapted into visual images and disseminated to the public. In this way, Japan implemented the establishment of a modern medical system and hygiene policy with the recognition that it was a means of reproducing or maintaining the people of a modern nation-state, and the hygiene policy of Germany, which was used as a model, visually reproduced hygiene ideas through hygiene films. Likewise, Japan can be said to have adopted a strategy of disseminating hygiene ideas and medical knowledge to the public by adapting them into visual images. In addition, the concept of hygiene can be said to have expanded its scope to include not only a healthy body but also the people’s ethos of being loyal to the country.