고기능 자폐아동의 반어적 표현 이해 특성
Characteristics of Irony Comprehension of the Children with High-Functioning Autism
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참고문헌
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초록
반어적 표현은 화자의 의도된 의미가 문자 그대로의 의미와 다른 표현이며, 이를 이해하기 위해서는 맥락적인 단서를 사용해야 하기 때문에 화용적인 능력이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 화용능력에 결함을 보이는 고기능 자폐아동들이 반어적인 표현을 이해하는데 있어 일반아동들과 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 초등학교 1, 2학년의 고기능 자폐아동 10명과 생활연령, 언어연령, 동작성 지능을 일치시킨 일반아동 10명이었으며, 아동들에게 4가지 기능(강조, 질책·훈계, 비꼼·빈정거림, 제안·동의)의 반어적 표현이 포함된 대화를 들려준 후, 반어적 표현의 의미를 보기에서 선택하도록 하였다. 그 결과 고기능 자폐아동은 일반아동에 비해 모든 기능의 반어적 표현의 이해에서 유의하게 낮은 수행을 보였다. 또한 일반 아동은 반어적 표현의 기능에 상관없이 안정적인 수행을 보인 반면 고기능 자폐아동은 강조, 비꼼·빈정거림, 제안·동의에서 질책·훈계보다 유의미하게 낮은 수행을 보였다. 이 같은 결과로 보아 고기능 자폐아동은 반어적 표현을 듣고 화자의 의도를 추론하는데 어려움이 있음을 알 수 있으며 이들의 반어적 표현 이해의 어려움은 이들의 인지적 결함과 관련 지어 해석할 수 있다.
Abstract
Verbal irony is a different expression from the literal meaning of words that a speaker intends. It is utterance that has to be interpreted with contextual clues. The purpose of this study is to identify whether there is difference in irony comprehension between children with high-functioning autism and typically developing children. And this study carried out an experiment with 10 children with high-functioning autism and 10 typically developing children whose chronological age, linguistic age and performance intelligence are all matched. Both groups are in the first and second grade of elementary school. The children heard dialogues containing 4 functions of irony (emphasis, reprimand․admonition, sarcastic․cynical, suggestion․consent) and asked to choose the meanings in multiple choices. As a result of this study, the children with high-functioning autism showed significantly low level of understanding of the meanings of the irony in terms of all the functions than the typically developing children. In addition, The children with high-functioning autism showed a significantly low understanding of ‘emphasis’, ‘sarcastic․cynical’ and ‘suggestion․consent’ than ‘reprimand․admonition’ while the typically developing children showed stable understanding of all the functions. Judging from these findings, the children with high-functioning autism have difficulty inferring the undertone through contextual information when they hear irony. Therefore, this study suggests that their difficulty in irony comprehension could be considered with their cognitive deficiency.
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