중견국 한국의 유엔 평화유지활동(PKO) 강화방안: 유엔의 국제평화활동 변화를 중심으로

Abstract

Since the inception of the United Nations in 1945, the UN Peacekeeping Operation (PKO) has contributed to preventing and managing violent conflicts between and within States and supporting national actors in protecting and building peace after conflict UN PKO had been under an intense restrictions during the US-USSH Cold War system But in Post-Cold War era, what have emerged on the horizon were diverse conflicts such as, racial violence, cultural and religious clash or civil war within nation, to name a few. In this connection, the scope of the UN PKO has increased along with changing environments in international community. Especially in accordance with rapid changes in global society, the UN added the options of peace making, peace enforcement and peace building, as well as the traditional form of PKO. Korea has achieved the remarkable growth in industry and democratization Since Korea dispatched PKO to Somalia in 1003 for the first time in history, currently our country participated in 7 PKO mission groups with 638 members. Now that Korea has become a nation of middle power, it is worthwhile to review the scale and type of our participation in the PKO. For this purpose, we have to take into consideration wide-range factors, including the UN as international organization, ROK``s national capacity middle power and unification of the Korean Peninsula. It is the time that we have to lay out new vision and strategy for ROK``s role in the UN PKG. The UN is not merely sending peacekeeping forces abroad, but protecting human rights as universal value and contributing international peace and security. In order to elevate and broaden ROK`s participation to the UN PKO, first and foremost, we need In have a paradigm shift into the belief that it is the most desirable way of contributing to international peace and stability. Second, the scope of ROK `` s participation to the UN PKO needs to be expanded to peace making, peace enforcement and peace building, and at the same time to involve not only uniformed soldiers but also meaningful number of police forces, ordinary citizens and women. Third, we have to proactively join peace enforcement operation as well. Forth, MND``s PKO center needs to be enlarged to government-wide organization Fifth, we must establish a ``Stand-by High Readiness Division`` in preparation for protecting people on the North Korea at times of emergencies or contingencies