중국 전통지식인과 정치사회권력 관계에 대한 역사적 고찰

Abstract

Traditional Chinese intellectuals were responsible for preserving humanism, were rehabilitated people with moral Humanities, and played the role of defending Confucian ideology. They were actively involved in politics, based on the belief that morality can be achieved through political participation. So, Since Confucius, the proposition that outstanding scholars take on bureaucracy, was ideal and the duty of intellectuals. They sought the balance of power, through Moralitet control Real power. However, except for the Spring and Autumn Period, the intellectuals did not escape a slave to powers. The establishment of unified dynasty and a national schools, Intellectuals were guaranteed social status and were to enjoyed economic stability. However, their's social status were going down governing engineer for the emperors, and gradually disappearing intellectual pride and spirit, and went the domestication by political powers. In particular, toward the Ming-Qing dynasties era, Intellectuals’s status rapidly falling, and the national examination system, entangled in what types of Stereotyped writing, the evolution of freethinking was systematically blocked. These political environment of fetters and the rigidity of intellectual's thinking, has caused not go China’s modernization.