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유럽연합의 공동안보방위정책(ESDP)과 다층적 통치이론의 비판적 고찰

A Critical Review on ESDP and the Multi-level Governance

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유럽통합이 심화됨에 따라 유럽연합의 대외정책 의사결정체계에도 다층적 통치이론이 적용되는지에 대한 학술적 연구가 활발히 진행되어 왔다. 유럽연합의 대외정책, 특히 공동통상정책에 관한 사례연구 결과 공통적으로 초국적, 국가, 국가하위단위 등 다층적 수준에서 다양한 정치행위자들이 참여하여 상호작용하는 다층적 통치체계의 특성이 확인되었다. 즉, 유럽의 대외정책의 발전과정에는 유럽연합 내부의 정치행위자들의 정책적 선호가 유럽차원으로 적극 수렴되는 현상이 나타남과 동시에 점차 다양한 수준에서의 다수 정치행위자들이 적극적으로 정책결정에 및 집행과정에 참여하는 권력분화 현상이 심화되고 있다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 그간 정부 간 협상에 의해 정책결정이 이루어진 공동외교안보정책에 이러한 현상이 나타나고 있는지에 대한 체계적인 분석은 이루어지지 않았다. 이에 본고는 유럽연합의 공동외교안보정책을 분석함으로써 다층적 통치의 특성이 실제로 공동안보방위정책에도 나타나는지를 분석해보고자 하였다.

Abstract

According to deepening of European integration, academic research has been active whether to apply the Multi-level governance theory to EU external policy decision making system. European Union’s external policy, especially the results of case studies on Common Commercial Policy, the features of Multi-level governance which various political actors of ultranational, national and sub-national level interact by participation have been confirmed. In other words, with the development of the European Union’s foreign policy, preferences of political actors in the European dimension appears to converge. At the same time, many political actors at various levels are increasingly participate in policy decisions and enforcement. However, policy decisions of CFSP made by intergovernmental negotiation has not been analyzed systematically whether to apply the Multi-level governance theory. This paper purports to explore if the Multi-level governance is applicable on ESDP.

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