유럽연합 대외정책 결정시스템의 변화 동인과 과정
Analysis on Structure and Process of the European Union After Treaty of Lisbon : The Motivation for Unifying of the External Policy
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유럽연합의 대외정책 실행은 각료이사회와 유럽이사회를 중심으로 한 정부간 조정과 집행위원회가 실행하는 초국가화된 정책과 대외교섭으로 양분되어왔다. 이에 따라 정책의 일관성 결여는 물론이고 대외관계에서 유럽연합의 영향력 확대에도 많은 문제점을 야기하였다. 이러한 구조적 문제를 해결하기 위해1990년대부터 유럽연합에서는 통합된 외교정책기구의 신설과 이사회와 집행위원회간 제도화된 협력시스템 구축 등을 담은 개혁방안이 제기되어왔으나 회원국간 이해관계 대립으로 실현되지 못하였다. 그러나 2000년대 이후 탈냉전과단일시장의 완성으로 경제적 조치는 주요한 외교적 수단이 되었고 중동유럽 및지중해 국가들의 회원국 가입으로 시장경제부분과 외교안보영역간 이슈간 연계가 보다 용이하여졌다. 이 결과 유럽연합은 2008년 리스본조약(Treaty of Lisbon)을 통해 융합된 지주구조를 통해 대외정책의 단일시스템화를 꾀하며 기능적 파급과 응집력 있는 대외정책을 실행할 구조를 만들었다.
Abstract
Decision making and practice of European External Policy involves unique process in terms of institutional structure. The policy process consisted of Intergovernmental coordination engaging in Council of the European Union and European Council with basis of unanimity consensus and European Commission’s supranational policy making and external measures. Hence,European foreign restricted by consistence practices of decision making that prevent the coherence policy process of external relations The European Union have devised a proper measure since 1990s that compose with establishment of unified policy office within Council and creation of trans-institutional network of European Commission and Council. These processes involves the creation of unified operation with single framework,expansion of the European Commission’s ordinary external services and emergence and codification of European external policy rules governing supranational rules.
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