EU 3개국(스페인, 프랑스, 독일)의 자연재해보험 비교 및 시사점 연구 - 스페인 의무 자연재해보험을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper attempts to find out some practical implications based on the comparative analysis of the successful compulsory natural disaster insurance system between Spain and France. Unexpectedly, Germany had been maintained a voluntary natural disaster insurance system after World War II.,but they tried to introduce a compulsory natural disaster insurance system lately. It was unfortunate to follow that their attempt was not successful. Regardless of the fact that Korea has experienced the Storm and Flood Insurance System which was managed National Emergency Management Agency(NEMA) in recent years, its penetration rate in local market was relatively low than expected. Furthermore, an extensive discussion for the introduction of the compulsory insurance dis not take place as well. In fact,the natural disaster risk insurance has not been well functioned in the private insurance market in Korea. This phenomenon of ‘market failure’revealed a negative impact on both private and public sectors of the social welfare of whole. It is no doubt that the case study of the natural disaster insurance in Spain and France demonstrated that their systematic applications of the compulsory natural disaster insurance could be an alternative proposal in order to overcome the ‘market failure’ of the system we have so far experienced in Korea. It is therefore strongly recommended that Korea has to set up an independent national insurance organization such as CCS in Spain. It seems to be necessary to switch a voluntary natural disaster insurance to an compulsory one with the hope of applying a 100 percent national reinsurance system. Eventually, three countries in EU (Spain, France and Turkey) were almost forced to admit the compulsory natural disaster insurance system, right afterthey had suffered from the huge natural disaster in the past. A keyword of the compulsory natural disaster insurance is a philosophy of solidarity. It should be the role of Korean government to introduce a new compulsory natural disaster insurance with a form of 'a day after the fair', rather than to prepare it in advance.