대학 생활의 어려움 유형 분류 및 대학성과 차이 분석
The Characteristics and Outcomes of Difficulties in Adjusting to College Life: A Latent Profile Analysis
1
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 대학생활 어려움을 겪는 집단이 어떤 유형으로 나타나는지 살펴보고, 잠재계층 구분을 예측하는 요인과 잠재계층에 따라 대학성과에 어떤 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 대학생들이 인식하는 대학생활의 어려움은 자기계발/취업준비, 시간관리, 교수와의 상호작용 순으로 나타났다. 그리고 대학생활 어려움 프로파일은 네 가지 집단으로 구분되었다. 이는 적응 우수집단(5.6%), 적응 어려움집단(36.6%), 학업-시간 관리 적응 어려움집단(5.9%), 적응 양호집단(51.9%)이다. 그리고 잠재계층 분류 영향요인은 성별과 월평균 가구소득으로 나타났다. 남학생일수록 적응 어려움집단보다 적응 우수집단에 속할 승산이 높았으며, 여학생이며, 월평균 가구소득이 낮을수록 적응 양호집단보다 적응 어려움집단에 속할 확률이 높았다. 잠재계층에 따른 대학성과 차이를 검증한 결과, 적응 양호집단 및 우수집단이 적응 어려움집단보다 학업성취가 높으며, 대학만족도, 대학교육을 통한 역량 향상 정도를 높게 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대학생활의 어려움을 높게 지각하는 학생일수록 대학성과를 얻을 개연성이 낮다는 점은 대학생활적응이 학생성공을 이끈다는 점을 방증한다. 따라서 학생성공이라는 기관의 주요 책무를 위해서 대학은 대학생활의 어려움을 겪는 집단을 조기에 선별하여, 대학생활적응을 위한 방안을 모색해야 한다.
Abstract
This study was to investigate the types of groups that experience difficulties in college life and analyze the factors that predict the latent profile and the differences in college outcomes based on the latent classification. The latent profiles were categorized into four groups which were excellent-adjusted (5.6%), the highest level of difficulty adjusting to college life (36.6%), high level of difficulty with academic and time management (5.9%), and well-adjusted (51.9%). The predictors of latent profiles were gender and average monthly household income. Male students were more likely to be in the excellent-adjusted group than the higher level of difficulty group, while female students and those with lower average monthly household income were more likely to be in the higher difficulty group than the well-adjusted group. As a result of investigating the differences in college outcomes according to the latent class, it was found that the excellent-adjusted and well-adjusted group perceived academic achievement, university satisfaction, and the degree of competency improvement through education at university to be higher than those who faced the difficulty of adapting to the college environment. Therefore, to fulfill the institution's main responsibility of student success, universities must early select groups experiencing difficulties in college life and seek ways to help them adapt successfully to college life.
참고문헌 (79)
- 강예지, "일개 의과대학 의예과 학생의 대학생활 초기 어려움에 대한 질적 연구", 교육문화연구, 25(5), pp.349~369 (2019)
- 김광현, "대학 신입생의 대학생활적응 척도 개발 및 타당화", 교양교육연구, 10(3), pp.253~293 (2016)
- 김남연, "3년제 유아교육과 신입생들의 대학생활 적응 과정의 어려움", 유아교육학논집, 11(4), pp.363~387 (2007)
- 김진희, "대학생이 지각한 스트레스와 대학생활적응의 관계 : 자기 통제력과 건강증진 생활양식의 매개효과", 심리유형과 인간발달(구 한국심리유형학회지), 17(1), pp.81~100 (2016)
- 박범혁, "개인의 심리적 특성과 부모와의 애착 및 대학생활적응", 가정과삶의질연구, 25(3), pp.45~57 (2007)
- 박선주, "대학 신입생의 대학생활적응 유형과 학업계획의 차이", 교육행정학연구, 34(2), pp.75~95 (2016)
- 박정희, "진로장벽이 진로준비행동과 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향", 청소년학연구, 16(11), pp.125~144 (2009)
- 배상훈, "성공적인 대학 생활에 대한 학생 인식 : 학생성공(Student Success)의 실천적 개념과 관점", 열린교육연구, 28(5), pp.319~346 (2020)
- 송윤정, "대학생의 내재적 전공선택동기와 대학생활적응의 관계에서 전공만족도와 교수-학생 상호작용의 매개효과", 한국교육문제연구, 34(4), pp.61~77 (2016)
- 신혜숙, "학자금 지원이 대학 신입생의 학업성취와 대학적응에 미치는 영향 : 대학설립별 차이를 중심으로", 아시아교육연구, 14(3), pp.129~154 (2013)
- 안지연, "여대생의 대학생활 적응", 한국생활과학회지, 14(1), pp.233~239 (2005)
- 엄정혜, "이공계 대학생의 대학생활 어려움과 상담소 이용에 대한 개념도 연구 : S 대학교 학생을 중심으로", 인간이해, 37(1), pp.41~66 (2016)
- 오지현, "간호대학생의 자아존중감, 전공만족도가 대학생활 적응에 미치는 영향", 한국콘텐츠학회논문지, 14(10), pp.873~884 (2014)
- 윤향숙, "대학생의 자아분화, 스트레스 대처방식, 정신건강이 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향", 교육실천연구, 10(2), pp.1~25 (2011)
- 이경아, "간편 대학생활적응척도 개발 및 타당화 연구", 상담학연구, 9(2), pp.739~754 (2008)
- 이선아, "학사경고 대학생의 대학생활의 어려움에 대한 내러티브 탐구 : 사회적 관계를 중심으로", 교육인류학연구, 20(3), pp.227~257 (2017)
- 이수진, "지각된 자율성, 관계성, 유능감과 대학생활에서의 학업성취, 정서적 적응과주관적 안녕감과의 관계", 교육심리연구, 25(4), pp.903~926 (2011)
- 이숙정, "대학생의 학업 및 진로 스트레스와 대학생활적응의 관계에 대한 자기효능감의 매개효과", 교육심리연구, 22(3), pp.589~607 (2008)
- 이재명, "정서표현갈등과 자기효능감 및 대학생활적응의 관계", 상담평가연구, 2(1), pp.1~18 (2009)
- 이정희, "세대간 가족관계와 자아분화 및 자아존중감이 대학생활 적응에 미치는 영향", 청소년학연구, 14(5), pp.407~429 (2007)
- 이현주, "대학생의 SNS 중독 및 대학생활 스트레스가 대학생활 적응에 미치는 영향", 한국산학기술학회 논문지, 16(6), pp.3944~3953 (2015)
- 장경문, "대학생의 진로결정수준과 학업적 자기효능감이 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향", 상담학연구, 6(1), pp.185~196 (2005)
- 장창성, "교육수준에 따른 재직자의 평생학습 참여 유형 및 성과분석 : 잠재계층분석", 평생교육학연구, 29(4), pp.149~180 (2023)
- 정은이, "대학생 시기의 후회와 주관적 안녕 및 대학 생활 적응의 관계", 아시아교육연구, 14(1), pp.305~330 (2013)
- 정은이, "대학생들의 교수신뢰와 학습동기 및 대학 생활적응과의 관계", 아시아교육연구, 9(1), pp.73~93 (2008)
- 조인영, "간호학과 신입생의 진로정체감, 전공만족도 및 대학생활적응 상관관계", 한국산학기술학회 논문지, 15(5), pp.2937~2945 (2014)
- 하정희, "완벽주의, 스트레스, 대처방식, 자기효능감과 대학생활 적응과의관계", 상담학연구, 7(2), pp.595~611 (2006)
- Aulck, L., "Helping students FIG-ure it out : A large-scale study of freshmen interest groups and student success", AERA Open, 7 (2021)
- Baker, R. W., "Measuring adjustment to college", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31(2), pp.179~189 (1984)
- Baker, R. W., "Exploratory intervention with a scale measuring adjustment to college", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33(1), pp.31~38 (1986)
- Baker, R. W., "SACQ: Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire manual" (1999), Western Psychological Services
- Benito-Gomez, M., "“If I hadn’t had that support system, I think I would have dropped out by now”: Parental support in college and its implications for student adjustment", Journal of Family Issues, 43(12), pp.3373~3394 (2022)
- Berlin, K. S., "An introduction to latent variable mixture modeling(part 1) : Overview and cross-sectional latent class profile analyses", Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 39(2), pp.174~187 (2014)
- Bowman, N. A., "Understanding the link between noncognitive attributes and college retention", Research in Higher Education, 60(2), pp.135~152 (2019)
- Celeux G., "An entropy criterion for assessing the number of clusters in a mixture model", Journal of Classification, 13(2), pp.195~212 (1996)
- Coffman, D. L., "Social support, stress, and self-efficacy: Effects on students' satisfaction", Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory &Practice, 4(1), pp.53~66 (2002)
- Conefrey, T., "Supporting first-generation students’ adjustment to college with high-impact practices", Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory &Practice, 23(1), pp.139~160 (2021)
- Credé, M., "Adjustment to college as measured by the student adaptation to college questionnaire : A quantitative review of its structure and relationships with correlates and consequences", Educational Psychology Review, 24, pp.133~165 (2012)
- Feldt, R. C., "Measuring adjustment to college : Construct validity of the student adaptation to college questionnaire", Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 44(2), pp.92~104 (2011)
- Gerdes, H., "Emotional, social, and academic adjustment of college students : A longitudinal study of retention", Journal of Counseling & Development, 72(3), pp.281~288 (1994)
- Grant-Vallone, E., "An analysis of the effects of self-esteem, social support, and participation in student support services on students'adjustment and commitment to college", Journal of College Student Retention:Research, Theory & Practice, 5(3), pp.255~274 (2003)
- Gray R., "Examining social adjustment to college in the age of social media : Factors influencing successful transitions and persistence", Computers & Education, 67, pp.193~207 (2013)
- Hagenaars J. A., "Applied latent class analysis" (2002), Cambridge University Press
- Haktanir, A., "Resilience, academic self-concept, and college adjustment among first-year students", Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory &Practice, 23(1), pp.161~178 (2021)
- Hartley, M. T., "Examining the relationships between resilience, mental health, and academic persistence in undergraduate college students", Journal of American College Health, 59(7), pp.596~604 (2011)
- Hazan Liran, B., "The role of psychological capital in academic adjustment among university students", Journal of Happiness Studies, 20, pp.51~65 (2019)
- Hill, E., "Student readiness: Examining the impact of a university outdoor orientation program", Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education and Leadership, 10(2), pp.109~123 (2018)
- Placing college graduation rates in context: How 4-year college graduation rates vary with selectivity and the size of low-income enrollment, "Horn, L", U.S. Department of Education. National Center for Education Statistics, ~, pp.NCES 2007-161 (2007)
- Just, H.D., "Freshman adjustment and retention: Combining traditional risk factors with psychosocial variables", Doctor, pp.1999
- Katz, S., "Individual and environmental predictors of college adjustment : Prevention and intervention", Current Psychology, 36, pp.56~65 (2017)
- Kinzie, J., "Reframing student success in college : Advancing know-what and know-how", Change : The Magazine of Higher Learning, 49(3), pp.19~27 (2017)
- Kroshus, E., "Stress, self-compassion, and well-being during the transition to college", Social Science & Medicine, 269, pp.113514~ (2021)
- Lent, R. W., "Toward a unifying theoretical and practical perspective on well-being and psychosocial adjustment", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(4), pp.482~509 (2004)
- Mattanah, J. F., "Parental attachment, separation-individuation, and college student adjustment : A structural equation analysis of mediational effects", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(2), pp.213~225 (2004)
- Mattanah, J. F., "The contributions of parental attachment bonds to college student development and adjustment : A meta-analytic review", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(4), pp.565~596 (2011)
- Melendez, M. C., "Adjustment to college in an urban commuter setting: The impact of gender, race", ethnicity, and athletic participation, 2016, pp.18(1), 31~48
- Millea, M., "What matters in college student success? Determinants of college retention and graduation rates", Education, 138(4), pp.309~322 (2018)
- Nicholson, L., "The key to successful achievement as an undergraduate student : confidence and realistic expectations?", Studies in Higher Education, 38(2), pp.285~298 (2013)
- Nylund K. L., "Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling : A Monte Carlo simulation study", Structural Equation Modeling, 14(4), pp.535~569 (2007)
- O'Donnell, M. B., "The college adjustment questionnaire : A measure of students' educational, relational, and psychological adjustment to the college environment", Journal of College Student Development, 59(1), pp.116~121 (2018)
- Pascarella E. T., "How college affects students: A third decade of research (Vol. 2)" (2005), Jossey-Bass
- Pratt, M. W., "Facilitating the transition to university : Evaluation of a social support discussion intervention program", Journal of College Student Development, 41(4), pp.427~441 (2000)
- Puff, J., "Depression as a mediator in the relationship between perceived familial criticism and college adaptation", Journal of American College Health, 64(8), pp.604~612 (2016)
- Quan L., "The effects of loneliness and coping style on academic adjustment among college freshman", Social Behavior and Personality, 42, pp.969~978 (2014)
- Richardson, M., "Psychological correlates of university students' academic performance : A systematic review and meta-analysis", Psychological Bulletin, 138(2), pp.353~387 (2012)
- Robbins, S. B., "Do psychosocial and study skill factors predict college outcomes? A Meta-Analysis", Psychological Bulletin, 130(2), pp.261~288 (2004)
- Robbins S. B., "Intervention effects on college performance and retention as mediated by motivational, emotional, and social control factors : Integrated meta-analytic path analyses", Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, pp.1163~1184 (2009)
- Sedlacek, W. E., "Using noncognitive variables in assessing readiness for higher education", Readings on Equal Education, 25(13), pp.187~205 (2011)
- Sinha, P., "Practitioner’s guide to latent class analysis:methodological considerations and common pitfalls", Critical Care Medicine, 49(1), pp.e63~e79 (2021)
- Taylor, M. A., "A confirmatory factor analysis of the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire", Educational and Psychological Measurement, 67(6), pp.1002~1018 (2007)
- Tinto, V, "Leaving college: Rethinking the causes and cures of student attrition" (1993), University of Chicago Press
- Van der Zanden, P. J., "Domains and predictors of first-year student success : A systematic review", Educational Research Review, 23, pp.57~77 (2018)
- van Rooij, E. C., "Secondary school students'engagement profiles and their relationship with academic adjustment and achievement in university", Learning and Individual Differences, 54, pp.9~19 (2017)
- Vanthournout, G., "Students’persistence and academic success in a first year professional bachelor program: the influence of students’ learning strategies and academic motivation", Education Research International, pp.152747~ (2012)
- Vermunt J. K., "Latent class analysis of complex sample survey data : Application to dietary data : Comment", Journal of the American Statistical Association, 97(459), pp.736~737 (2002)
- Whalen, D., "Leveraging what we know to enhance short-term and long-term retention of university students", Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 11(3), pp.407~430 (2009)
- Willcoxson, L., "Beyond the first-year experience : The impact on attrition of student experiences throughout undergraduate degree studies in six diverse universities", Studies in Higher Education, 36(3), pp.331~352 (2011)
- Wintre, M. G., "First-year students’ adjustment to university life as a function of relationships with parents", Journal of Adolescent Research, 15(1), pp.9~37 (2000)
- Wohlgemuth, D., "Financial, academic, and environmental influences on the retention and graduation of students", Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 8(4), pp.457~475 (2007)
