방향보어 ‘起类’, ‘上类’의 방향성 考察

Abstract

In this thesis, the following conclusions were drawn by having studied the directions of the basic & secondary meanings of the Chinese directional complements, 'Qi Lei' and 'Shang Lei', and the elements of Korean corresponded with them. First, the basic meaning of a directional complement, 'Qi Lei', is that 'a person or a thing turns from a lower place towards an upper one'. So, it has the basic meaning of the vertical rise that the reference point is located at the lower place and the direction turns towards the upper place. In case of expressing something as 'Qi Lei', it means to rise simply after leaving a reference point while placing the lower place as the reference point. Taking into consideration of the secondary meaning, in most cases, it is emphasized on the meaning, 'leaving from'. Therefore, the word, 'Qi Lei', is mainly used in a case of strongly expressing the meaning of starting something. Second, the basic meaning of 'Shang Lei' is that 'a person or a thing goes up from a lower place to an upper one'. The reference point is positioned at the upper place unlike the case, 'Qi Lei', and in the aspect of its direction, the basic meaning is to vertically rise turning towards the upper place while positioning the reference point at the upper place. That is, 'Shang Lei' is focused on the arrival point, so it is used in case of vertically rise towards an upper place from the reference point or of reaching the arrival point, the reference point while rising diagonally. In this case, since it is focused on the meaning of arrival, it is mainly used in case of strongly expressing a meaning of completion. Third, in cases of translating the Chinese directional complements, 'Qi Lei' and 'Shang Lei' into Korean, in most cases (71.2%), the elements of meaning, 'a rise', do not appear, but even though the elements meaning, 'a rise', appear in some cases (28.8%), the words are mainly translated as the meanings, 'starts to' (8 times) and 'rise by/after' (5 times) while being translated as 'goes after' (1 time), 'do something toward an upper place' (1 time), 'be (thought)' (1 time) and 'pass (an exam)'(1 time), etc. when they are used independently.