현대중국어 방위사 上과 한국어의 대응양상 대조

Abstract

Localizers mean the words which show directions or locations. Chinese specializes non-spatial words by using localizers when they indicate the meanings of space. The representative localizer used at this time is ‘shang (上)’. On the other hand, there are the cases that the words which indicate the meanings of locations are not the essential elements of the construction of the sentences in Korean. ‘wi (위)’ is one of them. Learners of the two languages have frequently made the mistake of using the localizer ‘shang (上)’ and ‘wi (위)’ in the processes of learning the foreign languages because of the characteristics of native languages. ‘Wi’ of the Korean word which is often omitted in the process to be translated into Chinese because it is not the essential syntactic element was required to be compared with ‘shang (上)’ of Chinese which is difficult to find the one-to-one relationship with it except the meaning of specific locations because it is combined with various reference objects and the rules were needed to be found. The basic meaning of the X shang form indicates specific locations. The meaning of this form was changed to indicate abstract properties. In the process to be changed, metonymy was found to act as the mechanism. On the one hand, all the cases that ‘X wi’ was created in the Korean form which responds to Chinese ‘X shang’ intended to indicate a high position on the basis of reference objects of ‘the top and bottom structure’. And in other cases, it could optionally be omitted or the possibility of being use itself is excluded. The cases which represent the figurative top and bottom structure without indicating actual locations can be interpreted into expanding the meaning by metaphor.