名詞＋動詞型複合動詞に関する日韓対照研究 ―日本語教育的な観点から―

Abstract

In this paper, we focus on compound verbs of the "noun+verb" type in Japanese and Korean, classifying them in terms of case relations, semantic coupling, morphology and phonology, and analyzing the differences between the two languages. In terms of the case relations of the preceding nouns and the following verbs, both Japanese and Korean have a large number of nouns (about 80%) in the nominative and the accusative case. It was confirmed that there are more compound verbs that mark the accusative case in Korean than in Japanese. Three types of nouns were classified according to the degree of semantic coupling between the constituents. The results showed that the simple type, which derives its meaning from the simple composition of its components, can be regarded as either a phrase or a word, while the the meaning of the fusion type is not a simple composition of that of its components but must be regarded as a separate word. In addition, the intermediate type is positioned in between. It was confirmed that these three types lie on a continuum. Finally, based on phonological criteria, the verbs are classified into those that are collocational, those that have an element inserted or dropped, and those that have a change in the final vowel of the preceding noun. “Rendaku” occurred in more than 60% of the compound verbs, and Japanese learners who do not have a voiced/voiceless opposition in their mother tongue need to pay special attention to it.