20세기 초 독일 선교사들의 한국설화 번역-Missionsblätter(宣敎誌)와 독일 『민속학잡지』를 중심으로-
How did early 20th century German missionaries understand the Korean culture through the Korean folk tales?
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German missionaries, being preachers and thereby knowing more than a little the power of speech, had lent an attentive ear to the Korean folk tales. Back in Germany, they published in journals or in books the tales they had collected. By doing so, they satisfied the concerns of Germany who, as a late joiner to the imperialistic movement, had a strong desire to advance on the Far East. Besides, Asia－related articles were most welcome in colonialist journals or ethnography periodicals. As for the missionaries, they wanted to discover in those Korean folk tales the universal thread of the human culture, as well as to verify whether Korea had already existed as part of the world. Furthermore, they did not forsake their main purpose as missionaries, namely to confirm Korea’s origin following the Bible and the Christian principles. The folk tales they collected mostly talked about the Korean wisdom and precepts, Koreans’ conception of death, their relation to fauna, and the Yangban’s hypocrisy. Contemporaneous tales in particular, as satires of the modern times, strongly criticized the government’s inefficiency and abuses in late Jeoson dynasty. Traditional folk tales among those collected by the German missionaries, on the other hand, showed how the Korean people perceived their own identity, how they passed it on to the next generations, and what their attitude as a community towards life was. Contemporaneous tales that swiftly circulated amongst people not only denounced the government’s inefficiency to rule and shed light on the political situation, but they also revealed the resistance to and distrust of the unfamiliar modernity that was rapidly spreading.
Abstract
German missionaries, being preachers and thereby knowing more than a little the power of speech, had lent an attentive ear to the Korean folk tales. Back in Germany, they published in journals or in books the tales they had collected. By doing so, they satisfied the concerns of Germany who, as a late joiner to the imperialistic movement, had a strong desire to advance on the Far East. Besides, Asia－related articles were most welcome in colonialist journals or ethnography periodicals. As for the missionaries, they wanted to discover in those Korean folk tales the universal thread of the human culture, as well as to verify whether Korea had already existed as part of the world. Furthermore, they did not forsake their main purpose as missionaries, namely to confirm Korea’s origin following the Bible and the Christian principles. The folk tales they collected mostly talked about the Korean wisdom and precepts, Koreans’ conception of death, their relation to fauna, and the Yangban’s hypocrisy. Contemporaneous tales in particular, as satires of the modern times, strongly criticized the government’s inefficiency and abuses in late Jeoson dynasty. Traditional folk tales among those collected by the German missionaries, on the other hand, showed how the Korean people perceived their own identity, how they passed it on to the next generations, and what their attitude as a community towards life was. Contemporaneous tales that swiftly circulated amongst people not only denounced the government’s inefficiency to rule and shed light on the political situation, but they also revealed the resistance to and distrust of the unfamiliar modernity that was rapidly spreading.
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