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상고중국어 무형파생 名源動詞 구문 주요 논항류의분류 및 분석

Classification and Analysis of the Main Argument Types in the Zero-derivation Denominal Verb cxn of Archaic Chinese

박원기
중국어문연구회 (Chinese Literary Society)|2024.04|중국어문논총 (Journal of Chinese Language and Literature)|제117호|pp. 1-52|DOI 10.26586/chls.2024..117.001

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참고문헌

키워드

ASCPatientAgentConversionExperiencerArchaic ChineseZero-derivationRoot nounThematic roleDenominal verbMain argument
주제분류중국어와문학

초록

In archaic Chinese, there was a usage in which a noun was used as a verb. This is called the Denominal verb. There are derivative forms, and there are no derivative forms. We call the latter zero-derivation type. This can be classified into seven types based on the relationship between the root noun and the verb. Among them, this paper will look at three types: agent cxn type, experiencer cxn type, and patient cxn type. Agent cxn type indicates that the denominal verb plays the role of the root noun, experiencer cxn type indicates that the denominal verb possesses the property or changes into a characteristic of a root noun, and patient cxn type indicates that denominal verb influence the root noun by using the root noun as the object of motion. In all three types, the object is not syntactically a complete essential element. In all of them, the object of the verb may appear syntactically. However, most of these denominal verbs have the root noun inside as a kind of implicit object. So, even in the form of an intransitive verb, this is no different from already implying the object. Of these three forms, experiencer cxn type does not have patient at all, especially as an object. Other types have syntactic objectives of patient, or objects such as theme, location, and time. When the root noun changes to a denominal verb, the meaning changes mainly through metonymy. The denominal verb construction in archaic Chinese is a construction in which a speaker can intuitively create a noun into a verb for a lively expression in a conversation. This construction exists in English as well as Chinese and is a very productive phrase.

Abstract

In archaic Chinese, there was a usage in which a noun was used as a verb. This is called the Denominal verb. There are derivative forms, and there are no derivative forms. We call the latter zero-derivation type. This can be classified into seven types based on the relationship between the root noun and the verb. Among them, this paper will look at three types: agent cxn type, experiencer cxn type, and patient cxn type. Agent cxn type indicates that the denominal verb plays the role of the root noun, experiencer cxn type indicates that the denominal verb possesses the property or changes into a characteristic of a root noun, and patient cxn type indicates that denominal verb influence the root noun by using the root noun as the object of motion. In all three types, the object is not syntactically a complete essential element. In all of them, the object of the verb may appear syntactically. However, most of these denominal verbs have the root noun inside as a kind of implicit object. So, even in the form of an intransitive verb, this is no different from already implying the object. Of these three forms, experiencer cxn type does not have patient at all, especially as an object. Other types have syntactic objectives of patient, or objects such as theme, location, and time. When the root noun changes to a denominal verb, the meaning changes mainly through metonymy. The denominal verb construction in archaic Chinese is a construction in which a speaker can intuitively create a noun into a verb for a lively expression in a conversation. This construction exists in English as well as Chinese and is a very productive phrase.

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