Roman soldiers in imperial Greek literature
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This paper is not to defend the abuses committed by Roman soldiers against provincials, but to investigate the evidence for a positive image among provincials of soldiers as beneficial, which must also be considered when we discuss Roman imperialism. To meet this aim, I re-investigate the image of soldiers revealed in Greek literature of the imperial period, including some Latin literature set in the Greek East, and assess the nature of that image. First, I give a general description of the change in the Greek elite’s views about Roman rule and military force. Second, through analysis of the portrayals of soldiers in the ancient novels, I suggest that their image among ordinary provincials was often closer to protectors than villains. Lastly, the cases of Aelius Aristides and Lucius Flavius Arrianus bring us to appreciate two different ways the Romanised provincials could contribute to imperial integration, as an orator formulating an ideal function of soldiers for imperial defence and as an actual military commander. Thus, the Roman military system and its soldiers should be recognised as a factor of integration in the Roman world.
Abstract
This paper is not to defend the abuses committed by Roman soldiers against provincials, but to investigate the evidence for a positive image among provincials of soldiers as beneficial, which must also be considered when we discuss Roman imperialism. To meet this aim, I re-investigate the image of soldiers revealed in Greek literature of the imperial period, including some Latin literature set in the Greek East, and assess the nature of that image. First, I give a general description of the change in the Greek elite’s views about Roman rule and military force. Second, through analysis of the portrayals of soldiers in the ancient novels, I suggest that their image among ordinary provincials was often closer to protectors than villains. Lastly, the cases of Aelius Aristides and Lucius Flavius Arrianus bring us to appreciate two different ways the Romanised provincials could contribute to imperial integration, as an orator formulating an ideal function of soldiers for imperial defence and as an actual military commander. Thus, the Roman military system and its soldiers should be recognised as a factor of integration in the Roman world.
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