수랏울루문자와 술라파으파문자 간 발전관계에 대한 소고
Revisiting the Development Relationship between the Surat Ulu Script and the Sulapaq Eppaq Script
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남부 술라웨시의 술라파으파(Sulapaq Eppaq)문자는 인도의 팔라와(Pallawa)문자에서 발전된 인도네시아의 인도계통문자들 중 하나이다. 하지만 인도계통문자들 중 어느 문자가 어미문자로서 술라파으파문자의 발전에 영향을 주었는지 알려져 있지 않다. 본고는 술라파으파문자가 남부 수마트라의 수랏울루(Surat Ulu)문자로부터 발전되었다는 추측을 토대로 그 발전경로에 대해 소고해 본다. 유형적으로 두 문자는 선비강음을 표기하는 문자소를 공유하며 문자소의 외형과 배열순서가 유사하다. 유형적 유사성은 두 문자 간의 발전관계가 가깝다는 것을 의미한다. 역사적으로 남부 수마트라의 말레이(Malay)인들과 남부 술라웨시의 부기스(Bugis)인들은 인도네시아 군도에서 상인과 바닷사람으로 유명했다. 말레이 상인들은 14세기경부터 남부 술라웨시를 방문했으며, 부기스인들은 15세기경부터 남부 수마트라의 무시강 하류에 정착하기 시작했다. 결과적으로 14세기 경 남부 수마트라에서 사용된 수랏울루문자는 양측의 상인들을 통해 남부 술라웨시에 소개되었으며, 이후 술라파으파문자의 정립에 영향을 주었을 것으로 추측된다.
Abstract
It is generally accepted that the Sulapaq Eppaq script of South Sulawesi is a variant among the Indic Pallawa based Indonesian syllabaries. It is however, unclear which script among the syllabaries had been an earlier prototype to develop the Sulapaq Eppaq script. This paper revisits the development path of the Sulapaq Eppaq script based on the assumption that the Surat Ulu script of South Sumatra was the earlier prototype. Typologically, both scripts share a series of letters for prenasalized consonants, and have similarities in the form and order of the letters. The typological similarities represent that the development between both scripts is closely linked. Historically, the Malay people of South Sumatra and the Buginese of South Sulawesi have been known as traders and sea-people in the archipelago. The Malay traders have visited to South Sulawesi since the fourteenth century, while the Buginese have settled around the downstream of Musi river in South Sumatra since the fifteenth century. It is consequently assumed that the Surat Ulu script spread in South Sumatra around the fourteenth century was introduced by both traders into South Sulawesi. The Surat Ulu script thereafter had influenced on the establishment of the Sulapaq Eppaq script.
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