숲 유아교육기관의 자연적 공간에서의 놀이활동 탐색
An exploration of play activities in natural outdoor space
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유아의 놀이를 위한 공간으로 특별하게 고안되지 않은 자연적 공간에서 실외놀이를 매일 실시하는 숲유아교육기관 한 곳을 선정하여 놀이활동이 실행되는 환경특성은 어떠한지, 어떻게 운영되는지, 그 놀이활동의 가치는 무엇인지를 조사·분석하였다. 이 기관의 유아, 교사 및 유아의 학부모와 반구조화된 형식적 면담과 비형식적 면담을 실시하였고, 유아들의 놀이활동 및 모든 일과를 참여·관찰하였다. 또한 홈페이지에 게재된 놀이활동에 대한 사진 및 동영상을 수집하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 이 기관은 융통성있고 비구조적인 자연적 공간에서 유아들이 스스로 재미있는 놀이를 만들어 가고 있었으며, 자연을 체험하고, 발견과 탐색을 즐기고 있었다. 활동은 미리 정해지지 않았으며, 유아의 요구, 날씨, 계절과 그에 따라 출현하는 동식물에 근거하여 융통성있게 실행되었다. 또한 자유로운 활동을 통해 기관에 쉽게 적응하고 능동적이고 도전적인 활동을 함으로써 독립심과 자신감을 획득하며 건강에 기초한 행복을 추구하는 장이었다.
Abstract
This study investigates how the play activities of children in a forest school are implemented in a natural outdoor space, which is largely undeveloped and not necessarily predetermined as a space for children's play. Children, their parents, and teachers were interviewed formally and informally. Children's play activities in the natural outdoor space were observed by two observers once or twice a week for 7 months. Monthly and weekly plans, and photos and video clips were obtained from the observers and the website of the school. All data were analyzed by the two researchers according to grounded theory and methods. The results showed that the outdoor space used for play by children of this school was unstructured natural space. Children were making their own playful play, enjoying exploration and discoveries in this natural space. The curriculum was implemented flexibly according to the weather, seasons, and children's wish, and children were given the rights for choice on the activities. This flexible and natural space was a site for pursuing independence and confidence, physical fitness and happiness. However, there was tension between desire for free play in natural outdoor space and pressure for academic activities due to the academic climate of Korean society.
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