「재난 및 안전관리 기본법」상 재난관리체계에 관한 법정책적 개선방안

Abstract

According to recent climate change and urbanization etc., the face of disaster including natural disaster in modern society is getting larger and more diversified and complex. Under the large and complex disaster situations, the「Disaster & Safety Management Fundamental Law」was amended to handle more effectively with disaster and to promote a safety culture. So the Ministry of Public Safety and Security is to be the control tower responsible for overall, coordination functions related to disaster. In other words, the「Disaster & Safety Management Fundamental Law」is a fundamental law related to disaster and prescribes the conservation of territory from all sorts of disaster in order that the nation can live in safe society from disaster and establish the disasrer & safety management system to protect the life, body and properties, and prescribes prevention, preparance, respondence and restoration of disaster and safety culture activities in addition to the necessary matters to disaster & safety management and let all nation, the state and local government preferentially consider safety in performing activaties related to the safety of nation’s lives and conseration of properties. And the legislation has to be modified to strengthern the authorities and roles of a local government head related to declaration of the state of disaster at the local government level to heighten the abilities of respondence to disaster and also construct the cooperation system with residents and mutual cooperation with local governments. And also at the state of evaluation, it is very important not only evaluation results but also all process from establish the plan of evaluation to the announcement of result. More than anything else, it is indispensable to construct comprehensive evaluation system and to enlarge the organization of evaluation object and group of disaster management. However, disaster management of only government level can not accomplish swiftly and efficiently the crises respondence in modern society, so pan-government and multilateral efforts such as Public-private partnership and promoting a safety culture are essential including partnership among government, individual and corperation in order to accomplish smoothly these goals. Also, the government should seek to ensure effective risk management through adequate resources management and laber deployment among central-local government and civil in case of disaster situation by strengthening public-private partnerships, education and public relationships, activation of disaster communication and collaborative network.