‘국제연맹 연합(League of Nations Union)’과 전간기의 국제주의적 제국관
The League of Nations Union and Liberal Internationalist’s View of the British Empire in the Interwar Britain
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초록
본 연구는 전간기에 영국에서 활동했던 대중 평화 운동 단체인 ‘국제연맹 연합(the League of Nations Union, LNU)’을 통해 자유주의적 국제주의의 원칙과 태도가 영제국에 대한 시각에 반영되었음을 검토한다. LNU는 국제연맹을 통해 국제 평화를 지킨다는 목표를 위해 대중 교육과 홍보 활동을 전개했다. 이들은 국가들 사이의 협력에 기초한 평화로운 국제 관계를 옹호하면서 영제국 역시 그러한 국제 관계에 걸맞은 것으로 새롭게 이해하고자 했다. 자유롭고 평등한 국가들의 연방이라는 영제국·영연방의 구성 원리는 국제연맹이 지향해야 할 원리를 제시하며, 국제연맹의 신탁통치는 피지배민들의 복지를 최우선으로 삼는 데에서 영제국의 통치를 따라야 한다는 것이었다. LNU는 영제국을 정복이나 팽창과 관련되는 것이 아닌, 영연방과 성공적인 식민 통치를 통해 국제연맹에 본보기를 제공하는 공동체로 정의하면서 이 같은 시각을 다양한 활동을 통해 사회적으로 확산시키고자 했다.
Abstract
This paper looks at the thoughts and activities of the League of Nations Union(LNU), a peace movement organisation in the inter-war Britain, thereby exploring liberal internationalist ideas and attitudes expressed in the contemporary views on the British empire. For the purpose of keeping world peace by advocating and publicising the League of Nations among British people, the LNU did advertising activities and educated the public. The LNU advocated peaceful international relations based on co-operation between nations, so it sought to reshape the character of the British empire into an entity suitable to that end. First, the LNU presented the British empire/Commonwealth as a community of free and equal nations, which made it a model to be followed by the League of Nations. Second, it saw the British empire giving an exemplar for the rules to be administered under the mandate system, as it prioritised the well-being and development of indigenous people. The LNU tried to redefine the British empire as an ideal community that could provide a model with the League of Nations, not as something related to expansion or military conquest of the pre-1914 years. This internationalist views on the British empire was mediated and spread into the wider society throughout LNU’s activities.
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