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제임스 1세의 얼스터 종교통합과 가톨릭의 반응 -아마와 아마대주교의 역할을 중심으로-

The Attempt of Religious Integration of James I in Ulster -Focusing on Armagh and the Role of the Archbishop of Armagh-

강미경
영국사학회|2020.12|영국연구 (The Korean Journal of British Studies)|제44호|pp. 33-67|DOI 10.22852/kjbs..44.202012.33

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참고문헌

키워드

브렉시트Brexit북아일랜드Northern Ireland제임스 1세James IHenry VIIIElizabeth I아마엘리자베스 1세헨리 8세Religious IntegrationUlster Plantation9년 전쟁얼스 터 플랜테이션종교 통합아마대주교헨리 어셔크리스토퍼 햄프턴제임스 어셔피터 롬바르드Nine Year’s WarArmaghArchbishop of ArmaghHenry UssherChristopher HamptonJames UssherPeter Lombard
주제분류역사학

초록

9년 전쟁(Nine Year's War, 1594-1603)에서 패한 얼스터 백작들이 유럽으로 망명하자 제임스 1세 (James I, 재위 1603-1625)는 그들의 땅에 신교도들을 대거 이주시키는 얼스터 플랜테이션(Ulster Plantation)을 시행했다. 당시 얼스터는 현재 북아일랜드라고 불리는 앤트림(Antrim), 아마 (Armagh), 데리(Derry), 다운(Down), 퍼매너(Fermanagh), 티론(Tyrone)의 6개 주에 카반(Cavan), 도네갈(Donegal), 모나한(Monaghan)이 포함된 방대한 지역이었다. 얼스터의 완전한 잉글랜드화를 기대했던 제임스는 이를 위해 다양한 정책을 시도했는데 그 중 가장 대표적인 것이 종교통합이었다. 여전히 강한 가톨릭 전통이 유지되고 있는 얼스터에 국왕을 정점으로 하는 잉글랜드 국교(Church of England)를 확립하려 했던 것이다. 그리고 이 정책은 주로 얼스터의 오랜 가톨릭 중심지 아마(Armagh)와 아마대주교 (Archbishop of Armagh)를 중심으로 진행되었다. 본 연구는 제임스 1세 시기 아마와 아마대주교를 중심으로 전개된 얼스터의 종교통합 시도와 더불어 그에 대한 가톨릭 성직자들의 반응을 함께 살펴보려는 시도이다. 그리고 이를 통해 현재까지 계속되고 있는 북아일랜드 종교 갈등의 원인을 다각도로 살펴보는 데 도움이 되고자 한다.

Abstract

As the earls of Ulster who had been defeated in Nine Year's War (1594-1603) fled to Europe, James I (reigned 1603-1625) began to implement the Ulster Plantation which forced the Protestants to migrate to where the earls had ruled. At that time, Ulster was a vast area consisting of Cavan, Donegal and Monaghan in addition to 6 counties, currently called the Northern Ireland, including Antrim, Armagh, Derry, Down, Fermanagh and Tyrone. James, who wanted to integrate Ulster fully into English, attempted to impose various policies among which the most representative one was the religious integration. He believed that the way to thoroughly control the Ulster was to integrate the religion of Ulster, where the tradition of Catholic was still strong, into Protestantism. This policy was implemented centering the city of Armagh, the religious point of Ulster, and the Archbishop of Armagh. The purpose of this study is to look into the attempt for religious integration of Ulster proceeded mainly in the Armagh during the era of James I, and the response of Catholics against it.

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