러시아 언어-문화에서 친구 개념의 변천과 특징 : друг, подруга, товарищ를 중심으로
Change and Characteristics of Concept of Friend in Russian Language and Culture : Focused on drug, podruga, tovarishch
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The purpose of this article was to examine changes of the concept of friend in Russian language and culture - focused on the principal words used to express a friend from the ancient times - as well as characteristics of Russian concept of friend. товарищ, originated from Turkish and meaning ‘business partner’ in the beginning, has experienced diverse semantic changes over the course of long time. Especially during the Soviet Union period, it underwent such a large change that it was even considered to be a new word, and high symbolism and value of this word reflects demand of the time for ideal human relationship and friendship. подруга, with no proper equivalence in Korean, also cherishes unique characteristics of Russian culture. It's often considered to be feminine form of друг, but between them exists semantic imbalance apart from gender difference. This article sought to find the essence of this imbalance from feminine implications contained in подруга. Through the existence of the word подруга and its semantic characteristic, this study found, Russians perceived lives of women in Russian culture and their stereotyped socializing methods. друг, a typical word expressing concept of friend in Russia has diverse characteristics too. This study finds the most remarkable semantic quality of this word from the elements of ‘help’ and ‘communication’. The former element was already possessed in the ancient times and yet has become further activated until today's modern society via the Soviet Union period. Its another characteristic would be the significance of ‘communication’ друг contains amid interrelations of правда and душа considered to be other key words in Russian culture.
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to examine changes of the concept of friend in Russian language and culture - focused on the principal words used to express a friend from the ancient times - as well as characteristics of Russian concept of friend. товарищ, originated from Turkish and meaning ‘business partner’ in the beginning, has experienced diverse semantic changes over the course of long time. Especially during the Soviet Union period, it underwent such a large change that it was even considered to be a new word, and high symbolism and value of this word reflects demand of the time for ideal human relationship and friendship. подруга, with no proper equivalence in Korean, also cherishes unique characteristics of Russian culture. It's often considered to be feminine form of друг, but between them exists semantic imbalance apart from gender difference. This article sought to find the essence of this imbalance from feminine implications contained in подруга. Through the existence of the word подруга and its semantic characteristic, this study found, Russians perceived lives of women in Russian culture and their stereotyped socializing methods. друг, a typical word expressing concept of friend in Russia has diverse characteristics too. This study finds the most remarkable semantic quality of this word from the elements of ‘help’ and ‘communication’. The former element was already possessed in the ancient times and yet has become further activated until today's modern society via the Soviet Union period. Its another characteristic would be the significance of ‘communication’ друг contains amid interrelations of правда and душа considered to be other key words in Russian culture.
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