러시아 언어와 문화에서 인텔리겐치아 개념에 관한 소고
A Study on the Concept of Intelligentsia in Russian Language and Culture
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The word ‘intelligentsia’ first appeared in the Russian stage in the early eighteenth century. While ‘intelligentsia’ was originally an abstract noun meaning ‘intelligence, recognition ability’ in those days, conversion of meaning to a collective noun referring to ‘a group of intellectuals’ was made after the mid-nineteenth century. As a group of intellectuals, invention of the term ‘intelligentsia’ is frequently left to the share of an author named Boborykin, but an opinion that it is not the service by the inventor of the term and it was rather a collective creativity by the people who started to use the term in the late 1860s is encouraged more through to recent studies. In the aforementioned process, contribution by the conservative camp opposing to it as well as the contribution by the camp who firmly defended the term was not a little. Through a heated argument between the camps, the word started to be stamped gradually on the recognition of Russians as a term. Since then, the concept of intelligentsia kept developing on a unique aspect in Russian language and culture. From the early stage of the formation of concept to modern times, its uniqueness is findable in a close relationship between concept and negative nuance of intelligentsia. Going through the age of Soviet after the Russian Revolution, attributes indigenous to the term such as ‘ethicality, guilty toward the general public, sacrificing spirit’ which distinguished Russian intelligentsia from Western intellectuals are considered receded, whereas the negativity of the concept of intelligentsia has been expanded as the ‘attribute of petit bourgeois’ is emphasized. When viewing the close relationship between concept and negative nuance of intelligentsia at a different angle, we can read agonies and seeking over true intelligentsia. Social recognition toward ideal and normative attribute of intelligentsia was already established from the early stage of the formation of concept, and varied linguistic means from addition of prefix and suffix to the creation of neologism were mobilized to distinguish ‘fakes’ from ‘true’ intelligentsia having such attribute. Attempts to sort out ‘fakes’ have still continued in modern Russian society, and when considering such efforts a little differently, it is considered a search for attribute and duty of true intelligentsia and it also shows that idea for true intelligentsia has been handed down continuously.
Abstract
The word ‘intelligentsia’ first appeared in the Russian stage in the early eighteenth century. While ‘intelligentsia’ was originally an abstract noun meaning ‘intelligence, recognition ability’ in those days, conversion of meaning to a collective noun referring to ‘a group of intellectuals’ was made after the mid-nineteenth century. As a group of intellectuals, invention of the term ‘intelligentsia’ is frequently left to the share of an author named Boborykin, but an opinion that it is not the service by the inventor of the term and it was rather a collective creativity by the people who started to use the term in the late 1860s is encouraged more through to recent studies. In the aforementioned process, contribution by the conservative camp opposing to it as well as the contribution by the camp who firmly defended the term was not a little. Through a heated argument between the camps, the word started to be stamped gradually on the recognition of Russians as a term. Since then, the concept of intelligentsia kept developing on a unique aspect in Russian language and culture. From the early stage of the formation of concept to modern times, its uniqueness is findable in a close relationship between concept and negative nuance of intelligentsia. Going through the age of Soviet after the Russian Revolution, attributes indigenous to the term such as ‘ethicality, guilty toward the general public, sacrificing spirit’ which distinguished Russian intelligentsia from Western intellectuals are considered receded, whereas the negativity of the concept of intelligentsia has been expanded as the ‘attribute of petit bourgeois’ is emphasized. When viewing the close relationship between concept and negative nuance of intelligentsia at a different angle, we can read agonies and seeking over true intelligentsia. Social recognition toward ideal and normative attribute of intelligentsia was already established from the early stage of the formation of concept, and varied linguistic means from addition of prefix and suffix to the creation of neologism were mobilized to distinguish ‘fakes’ from ‘true’ intelligentsia having such attribute. Attempts to sort out ‘fakes’ have still continued in modern Russian society, and when considering such efforts a little differently, it is considered a search for attribute and duty of true intelligentsia and it also shows that idea for true intelligentsia has been handed down continuously.
참고문헌 (39)
- 마르틴 말리아, "러시아 인뗄리겐찌야론", pp.21~55 (1990), 탐구당
- 윤용선, "19세기 후반 러시아 인텔리겐챠 운동의 특성에 관하여", 서양사연구, 34, pp.165~194 (2006)
- 전지용, "게르쩬의 지식인관", 러시아어문학연구논집, (17), pp.413~436 (2004), 한국러시아문학회
- Бердяев, Н.А., "Вехи. Сборник статей о русской интеллигенции", pp.1~22 (1909)
- Боборыкин, П., "В защиту интеллигенции", pp.129~138 (1909), Заря
- Булгаков, С.Н., "Вехи. Сборник статей орусской интеллигенции", pp.23~69 (1909)
- Виноградов, В.В., "Очерки по истории русского литературного языкаXVII-XIX веков" (1982), Высшая школа
- Виноградов, В.В., "История слов" (1999), Институт русского языкаим. В.В. Виноградова РАН
- Гаспаров, М.Л., "Русская интеллигенция: история и судьба", pp.5~14 (2000), Наука
- Герцен, А.И., "Собрание сочинений в тридцати томах. Т.19" (1960), Изд. АН СССР
- Глебкин, В.В., "Культурология. Энциклопедия. Т.1", pp.771~779 (2007), РОССПЭН
- Даль, В.И., "Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка. Т.2" (1881), Издание книгопродавца-типографа М.О.Вольфа
- Евгеньева, А.П., "Малый академический словарь" (1957), Институтрусского языка Академии наук СССР
- Ефремова, Т.Ф., "Новый словарь русского языка. Толково-словообразовательный" (2000), Русский язык
- Иванов-Разумник, Р.И., "Что такое «махаевщина»? К вопросу обинтеллигенции" (1908), Изд. С.В.Бунина
- Иванов-Разумник, Р.И., "История русской общественной мысли. Т.1" (1911), Типография М.М.Стасюлевича
- Камчатнов, А.М., "Язык и ментальность", pp.111~123 (2004)
- Катаев, В.Б., "Русская интеллигенция: история и судьба", pp.382~397 (2000), Наука
- Кондаков, И.В., "Культурология. XX век. Энциклопедия. Т.1", pp.254~263 (1998), Университетская книга
- Корносенков, С.В., "Концепт «Интеллигенция» в современнойроссийской публицистике. Выражение «Гнилая интеллигенция» каксредство речевой манипуляции", Вестник Удмуртскогоуниверситета, (5-3), pp.93~100 (2008)
- Лейкина-Свирская, В.Р., "Интеллигенция в России во второйполовине XIX века" (1971), Мысль
- Лихачев, Д.С., "О русской интеллигенции. Письмо в редакцию", Новый мир, (2), pp.3~9 (1993)
- Лотман, М.Ю., "Русская интеллигенцияи западный интеллектуализм: история и типология. Материалымеждународной конференции", pp.122~151 (1999), ОГИ
- Михайловский, Н.К., "Записки современника", Отечественныезаписки, (12), pp.193~211 (1881)
- Мокшин, Г.Н., "Идеология легального народничества о русскойинтеллигенции" (2007), Научная книга
- Скляревская, Г.Н., "Толковый словарь русского языка конца XX века. Языковые изменения" (1998), Институт лингвистическихисследований РАН
- Скляревская, Г.Н., "Слово в меняюшемся мире: Русский язык началаXXI столетия - состояние, проблемы, перспективы", 슬라브어 연구, 6, pp.177~202 (2001)
- Солженицын, А.И., "Русская интеллигенция:История и судьба", pp.125~149 (2000), Наука
- Сорокин, Ю.С., "Развитие словарного состава русского литературногоязыка: 30-90-е годы XIX века" (1965), Наука
- Степанов, Ю.С., "Константы: словарь русской культуры" (1997), Языкирусской культуры
- Струве, П.Б., "Вехи. Сборник статей орусской интеллиген-ции", pp.127~145 (1909)
- Толль, Ф.Г., "Необходимое дополнительное приложение к Настольномусловарю Ф. Толля, под его же редакциею составленное" (1866), Типография и литография И. Паульсона
- Троцкий, Л.Д., "Интеллигенция-Власть-Народ", pp.105~123 (1992), Наука
- Успенский, Б.А., "Русская интеллигенция и западныйинтеллектуализм: история и типология. Материалы международнойконференции", pp.7~19 (1999), ОГИ
- Ушаков, Д.Н., "Толковый словарь русского языка. Т.1" (1935), Советская энциклопедия
- Федотов, Г.П., "Судьба и грехи России. Т.1", pp.65~101 (1991), София
- Шелгунов, Н.В., "Теперешний интеллигент", Дело, (10), pp.70~101 (1875)
- Шелгунов, Н.В., "Очерки русской жизни", Русская мысль, (2), pp.154~176 (1890)
- Шмидт, С.О., "Труды Института российской истории РАН. 1997-1998 гг. Вып. 2", pp.90~108 (2000), ИРИ РАН