艮齋 田愚의 氣質說을 통해 본 도덕적 인간상 연구

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the moral human Ideal seen through the theory of temperament of Ganje Jeon Woo(1841-1922), who was active after the mid-19th century in the late Joseon period. Studying the human image shown in the temperament theory of Ganje is not only a clue to understanding the Ganje Learning, but also a clue to solving various Confucian problems related to Ganje. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the hepatology that inherited Naknon. Naknon's academic arguments are the result of the inquiry into the ultimate nature of human and matter based on human understanding and the theory of mind(心) and the theory of nature(性, 本性). Ganje, who succeeded Naknon(洛論), is preoccupied with the possibility of change not only in Gi(氣) but also in Temper. Gijilbonil(氣質本一) and Gijilchecheong(氣質體淸) are masterpieces that have been reviewed based on trust in human temperament, and what is important is that Sim well recognizes and fundamentally understands the nature theory in the temperament immanent in the phenomenal world. Based on the essence of Simbonseon(心本善), the basis of cultivation is formed through pure temperament, and furthermore, the basis for becoming a genuine scholar was suggested through the cultivation of change of temperament. Therefore, Seongbeomchedong(聖凡體同)-Chuninmuyi(天人無二) is the result of pursuing the Cheoninhabil(天人合一), the ideal of Neo-Confucianism, and reveals the dignity of human beings. In other words, Gijilbonil(氣質本一), Gijilchecheong(氣質體淸), Seongbeomchedong(聖凡體同), Chuninmuyi(天人無二) all seem to express the extreme point of Junghawstudy (中和工夫) as the method of Gyeongichujung(敬以就中). In addition, it can be seen that it is the basis of the Seongsasimjestheory(性師心弟說), which is a methodology for realizing the morality of human beings, which is aimed at the moral ideal of the moral ideal. This means that if you are a scholar who has a will to be a scholar(修己安人) and a saint(聖人自期), you will be able to figure out how to become a moral man in pursuit of the ideal of theology in terms of realization of nature. Therefore, it is expected that it will be helpful to practice ethical morality that aims at human dignity.