호주의 환태평양 연계성: 이주의 관문 도시 시드니를 중심으로
Australia’s Trans-Pacific Connectivity: A Study on the Immigration Gateway City, Sydney
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초록
본 연구는 호주의 환태평양 연계성을 이주의 관점에서 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 사람이 직접 드나드는 지점인 도시를 중심으로 보고자 하며, 이주의 관문 도시인 시드니를 그 사례로 살펴보고자 한다. 초기 영국계 백인 이주자를 중심으로 구성되었던 호주 사회는 점차 비영국계 유럽인 및 아시아인 등 다양한 민족과 국적의 이주자를 받아들이기 시작했다. 이러한 변화 근저에는 호주 연방 정부의 이민 정책 변화가 있다. 시드니는 호주 최대의 도시로 호주 정부의 다문화 정책에 기반해 이주민 및 인구 구성을 보이고 있으며, 관문 도시의 역할을 하고 있다. 대영 제국의 식민 시절부터 시드니는 정치, 경제, 사회, 문화적 중심지 및 사람의 이동을 위한 주요한 통로 역할을 했다고 볼 수 있다. 비영국계 이주자 수용, 백호주의 폐기, 적극적 난민 수용 정책은 호주가 이주자를 받아들임에 있어 배타적 이주자 수용국에서 다문화 포용 국가로 변했음을 말해준다.
Abstract
This study examines Australia's Trans-Pacific connectivity from a migration perspective. The research focuses on the city as a point of entry and exit and Sydney as a gateway for migration. Australian society, initially organized around white British migrants has gradually become more inclusive of non-British Europeans, Asians, and other ethnicities and nationalities. At the root of this change is a shift in immigration policy by the Australian federal government. Sydney is Australia's largest city and serves as a gateway city, with a migrant and demographic makeup based on the Australian government's multicultural policies. Since its colonial days in the British Empire, Sydney has been a political, economic, social, and cultural center and a major conduit for the movement of people. The acceptance of non-British migrants, the abolition of White Australia, and active refugee acceptance policies indicate Australia's transformation from an exclusionary migrant host to a multicultural, inclusive nation.
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