태백선수촌에서의 3주간 훈련이 엘리트 복싱선수들의 Hct과 Hb의 농도, 운동효율성 및 3km 달리기 기록에 미치는 영향
Effects of a 3-week Training at the Taebaek Training Center on levels of Hct and Hb, Running Economy, and 3-km Running Record in Elite Boxing players
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초록
본 연구는 태백선수촌 훈련장(1,330m)에서의 훈련이 고지대 적응효과를 유발할 수 있는가를 규명하기 위한 것이었다. 국가대표 복싱팀 22명을 대상으로 동일 량과 동일 강도의 훈련을 각각 3주간 해수면 훈련(태능선수촌, 100m)과 태백선수촌 훈련(1,330m)을 실시한 후 Hct(%)과 Hb의 농도(g/dl), 3km 달리기기록, VO2max (ml/kg/min), 운동효율성(VO2/velocity)과 최대점증부하검사 시 회복기 젖산 및 심박수 반응(안정시, 운동직후, 휴식 3분, 5분, 15분) 등을 분석하여, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 최대점증부하검사 시 탈진시까지의 운동소요시간이 유의하게 증가하였다(3분 9초 증가, p<.001). 최대점증부하검사 중 14km/h 속도에서의 운동효율성은 태백선수촌 훈련 전․후 간의 비교에서 유의한 차이가 발생하지 않았다(p>.05). 3km 달리기 제1차, 2차 기록 측정시 평균속도는 각각 16.37± 1.30km/h, 16.95±1.38km/h로 제1차 기록에 비해 제2차 기록이 0.58km/h 향상되었다(22초의 기록 단축, p=.0004). 태백선수촌 훈련 후 Hct의 경우, 약 9.17% (p<.001) 그리고 Hb는 8.74%(p<.001) 유의하게 증가하였다. 혈장량 변화율(%)은 시기간(F= 54.09, p<.001), 집단간(F= 12.07, p<.01) 그리고 상호작용(집단×시기, F= 7.17, p<.05) 모두 유의한 차이가 발생하였으며, 태백선수촌 훈련 후 그 양상이 더욱 두드러지게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 3주간의 태백선수촌(1,330m)에서의 훈련은 2,000m 이상의 고지대 체류 효과를 유발할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
To investigate the training effect at the Taebaek training center(1,330m) on running economy(RE), hematocrit(Hct, %), hemoglobin(Hb, g/dl), 3km running record(3-KR), and VO2max, 22 elite national boxing players(n=22) trained at the similar training intensity and volume for 20days at 100m and for 20days at 1,330m. RE was assessed during submaximal treadmill runs at 14km/h before and after completion of intervention. VO2, heart rate, and blood lactate concentration were determined during the final 60s of each run, whereas Hb, Hct, 3km record, VO2max, and expended running time on the treadmill during incremental test were measured on a separate occasion. All testing was performed under normoxic conditions at approximately 100m. RE after 20days training at 1,330m compared with 20days training at 100m was not significantly different(p>.05). However, expended running time(3m 9s, p<.001) on the treadmill during incremental test was significantly improved. In addition, 3-KR was improved from 16.37±1.30km/h to 16.95±1.38km/h(p<.001). As a blood variables, Hct(%) and Hb(g/dl) were significantly increased both 9.17% (Hct, p<.001) and 8.74%(Hb, p<.001). We conclude that 20 days of training at 1,330m altitude improved the 3-KR and expended time on the treadmill during the incremental test as well as increased Hct and Hb concentration of elite national boxing players.
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