Living High Training Low가 육상 중 ․ 장거리 선수의 유산소성 운동능력 및 경기력에 미치는 영향
Effects of 4 weeks living high training low (LHTL) on aerobic exercise capacity, concentration in oxygenated skeletal muscle, cardiac function and time trial in elite middle and long distance runners.
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본 연구는 대학 및 고교 육상 중 ․ 장거리 선수 20명을 대상으로 Living Low Training Low(LLTL) 그룹(대조군)과 Living High Training Low(LHTL) 그룹(실험군)으로 나눈 후 1,000 m 고지에 3,000 m 상당고도의 저산소실을 설치한 후 4주 1일 16시간 이상 저산소실에 거주하고 700~1,330 m 고지에서 1일 4시간 이상 트레이닝을 실시하는 LHTL이 유산소성 운동능력, 골격근 산소화 농도, 심장기능 및 경기력 향상에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 모든 컨디셔닝 변인들에 대한 그룹 간 차이 및 이상소견이 나타나지 않아 본 연구의 트레이닝 형태가 바람직했다. 2) 혈중산소운반능력 및 철분농도에 있어서 두 그룹간 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 3) LT강도(16 km/hr) 장시간(60분) 트레드밀 운동 시 실험군은 대조군과 비교해 심박수, 산소섭취량 및 젖산이 낮게 나타나 LHTL이 running economy 효과를 나타냈다 4) LT강도(130 watt) 장시간(30분) 자전거 운동 시 대퇴 외측광근 산소화 농도에 있어서 실험군은 대조군과 비교해 O2Hb와 TOI는 증가 경향을, HHb는 감소 경향을 나타내 LHTL가 골격근 산소화 농도를 향상시키는 가능성이 제기되었다. 5) LT강도(130 watt) 장시간(30분) 자전거 운동 시 심장기능은 실험군이 대조군에 비해 HR은 낮게, SV는 높게 나타나 심장근의 산소이용능력이 향상되었다. 6) 경기력에 있어서 대조군과 실험군 모두 개선되었으나 실험군에서 보다 더 개선되는 경향을 나타냈다.
Abstract
Effects of 4 weeks living high training low (LHTL) on aerobic exercise capacity, concentration in oxygenated skeletal muscle, cardiac function and time trial in elite middle and long distance runners. The purpose of this study was examine after 20 athletes of University and high school divided into Living Low Training Low (control) group and Living High Training Low (experimental) group, to effect LHTL that resided 3,000 m normobaric hypoxic chamber more than 16 hours per day, 4 weeks and trained at 700~1,330 m high ground more than 4 hours per day after equipped 3,000m normobaric hypoxic chamber at 1,000 m high ground on aerobic exercise capacity, oxygenated skeletal muscle concentration, cardiac function and performance. The results of this study were as followed: 1) Conditioning variables weren't different between groups and abnormal results. So, training was desirable. 2) In oxygen transport capacity and blood concentration of Iron (whole body variables), there weren't difference between groups. 3) In energy expenditure during intensity of LT (16 km/hr) long duration (60 min) treadmill exercise, LHTL group had lower heart rate, oxygen consumption and lactate concentration than LLTL group, so, we verified that LHTL presents effect of running economy. 4) In oxygenated concentration(local variables of vastus lateralis during intensity of LT (130 watt) long duration (30 min) bike exercise, LHTL group had a tendencies of increasing O2Hb and TOI, decreasing HHb than LLTL group, so, raised possibility that LHTL increases oxygen using capacity. 5) Cardiac function (local variables) during intensity of LT (130 watt) long duration (30 min) bike exercise, LHTL group had lower HR and higher SV than LLTL group. so, we verified that LHTL improves oxygen using capacity of cardiac muscle. 6) In performance, all groups had improved 3,000 m and 5,000 m time trial but more improved 3,000 m and 5,000 m time trial in LHTL group. Viewed in these results, we verified possibility of LHTL targeting athletes of University and high school in domestic 700~1,330 m high ground improved performance was caused by improved running economy and cardiac function in whole body and local long duration exercise.
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