韓漢語反預期標記“오히려”與“反而”的認知解讀
A Cognitive Study on the Counter-Expectation Markers ‘ohiryo’ and ‘fǎnér’ in Korean and Chinese
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韩汉语副词是表达反预期范畴的重要语法手段之一。本文主要从韩汉对比的角度，结合认知语言学理想化认知模型和意象图式的相关理论，对韩汉语副词性质的反预期标记“오히려”与“反而”的三个主要语义：反转语义、反递语义、对比并列语义的认知识解特点进行初步分析，并对三种主要语义之间的关联属性进行分析，初步可得出如下小结：第一，表反转语义时，“오히려”对量级的敏感程度弱于“反而”；第二，表反递语义时，“오히려”的预递信息通常以隐性否定表达，“反而”的预递信息通常以显性否定表达；第三，表对立并列语义时，“오히려”表示前后小句对等并列的典型性要强于“反而”；第四，“오히려”与“反而”的三种主要语义主要通过量级的强化/弱化、认知突显、注意力范围的调节等实现彼此转换。通过对韩汉语相近语义表达的对比分析，我们可以在了解两者异同点以及较深层认知识解过程的基础上，初步了解韩汉不同民族在认知心理层面可能存在的差异，以便为外语学习者提供语言本体方面的些许参考。
Abstract
Korean and Chinese adverbs are important grammatical means to express counter-expectation categories. This paper mainly analyzes the cognitive construal characteristics of three main semantics, including inversion semantic, anti-recursion semantic, opposition (juxtaposition) semantic of the counter-expectation markers ‘ohiryeo’ and ‘fǎn’ér’. The following conclusions can be drawn initially: First, when expressing inversion semantics, ‘ohiryeo’ is less sensitive to magnitude than ‘fǎn’ér’; Secondly, when expressing anti-recursion semantic, the advanced progressive information of ‘ohiryeo’ is usually expressed in implicit negation, while the advance progressive information of ‘fǎn’ér’ is usually expressed in explicit negation; Thirdly, when expressing opposition (juxtaposition) semantic, ‘ohiryeo’ indicates that the typicality of the parallel clauses before and after clauses is more typical than ‘fǎn’ér’. Though the comparative analysis of similar semantic expressions in Korean and Chinese, we can have a preliminary understanding of the possible differences in the cognitive psychology of different ethnic groups of Korean and Chinese on the basis of understanding the similarities and differences between these two expressions and the deeper cognitive image schema, so as to provide some references for language ontology for foreign language learners.
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