대한제국기 장악기관(掌樂機關)의 체제

Abstract

The performing art within the royal court in Joseon Dynasty was controlled by the royal music institute, which was entitled “Jangakwon 掌樂院.” The name, “Jangakwon 掌樂院,” had been used for more than 400 years, but in the age of King Gojong 高宗, the era of a lot of political upheavals, home and abroad, the government organization was frequently changed, and so were the names of music institutes and upper level agencies that managed over them. From the time of Gabo Gaehyeok 甲午改革 to Daehanjeguk(Great Han Empire 大韓帝國), the name of the royal music institute was changed five times：Jangakwon 掌樂院 → Bongsangsa 奉常司 → Hyeopyulgua 協律課 → Gyobangsa 敎坊司 → Jangakgua 掌樂課 → Jangakbu 掌樂部. The set－up of the office was reorganized and downsized in general. The system of officials and musicians of the music institute, which once consisted of Jejo 提調, Jeong 正, Cheomjeon 僉正, Jubu 主簿, Jeonak 典樂, etc., was drastically reduced to one Jegeo 提擧 and three Jusa 主事 officials. Thereafter, there had been several reorganizations, and in December, 1907, when the new Western music band 軍樂隊 was introduced, the system was rearranged with the chief of national music 國樂師長, national music officials 國樂師, the chief of Western music 洋樂師長, and Western music officials 洋樂師. Besides, as the ranking system changed from Pumgye(a ranking system 品階) to Gwandeung(a different type of official rank 官等), adopted was the compensation system paying the income with won 圓, the currency unit in time. Such a drastic change happened for the short period of time less than 20 years. In such an age of violent changes, the royal music institute was not an exception.