A Perceptual Similarity-based Analysis of English /kw/ and /tw/ Adaptation in Korean
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Oh, Mira. 2010. A Perceptual Similarity-based Analysis of English /kw/ and /tw/ Adaptation in Korean. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-1, 137-154. This paper aims to show that the perceptual distance between sounds in the source language and corresponding sounds in the native language determines loan adaptation. English /tw/ is adapted as [thɨw] with an epenthetic vowel between consonants, while English /kw/ is loaned as [khw] without epenthesis in Korean, even though Korean allows both /thw/ and /khw/ clusters. Given that loanword adaptation relies on the borrower’s perception of relative similarity between the source form and the corresponding strings in his/her native language (Oh and Steriade 2004), this paper investigates the acoustic similarities/differences between the source forms and the corresponding forms in native language. The dynamics of the spectral transition from the stop burst through the [w] constriction into the vowel are compared between English /twV/ and /kwV/ and the analogous sequences in Korean. The phonetic results suggest that greater voice onset time (VOT) and second formant (F2) differences between English /tw/ and Korean /thw/ can yield the different adaptations between English /tw/ and /kw/. This study has three implications. Firstly, neither the syllable structure nor the impermissible consonant sequence determines perceptual epenthesis, in contrast to the claims by Kabak and Idsardi (2007) and Dupoux et al. (1999). Secondly, it is clear that non-contrastive phonetic details overcome phonological structure when both types of information conflict in loan adaptation. Thirdly, the phonetic output from the source language alone is not sufficient in loan adaptation. The comparison of acoustic realizations between the source and adapting languages needs to be taken into consideration. (Chonnam National University)
Abstract
Oh, Mira. 2010. A Perceptual Similarity-based Analysis of English /kw/ and /tw/ Adaptation in Korean. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-1, 137-154. This paper aims to show that the perceptual distance between sounds in the source language and corresponding sounds in the native language determines loan adaptation. English /tw/ is adapted as [thɨw] with an epenthetic vowel between consonants, while English /kw/ is loaned as [khw] without epenthesis in Korean, even though Korean allows both /thw/ and /khw/ clusters. Given that loanword adaptation relies on the borrower’s perception of relative similarity between the source form and the corresponding strings in his/her native language (Oh and Steriade 2004), this paper investigates the acoustic similarities/differences between the source forms and the corresponding forms in native language. The dynamics of the spectral transition from the stop burst through the [w] constriction into the vowel are compared between English /twV/ and /kwV/ and the analogous sequences in Korean. The phonetic results suggest that greater voice onset time (VOT) and second formant (F2) differences between English /tw/ and Korean /thw/ can yield the different adaptations between English /tw/ and /kw/. This study has three implications. Firstly, neither the syllable structure nor the impermissible consonant sequence determines perceptual epenthesis, in contrast to the claims by Kabak and Idsardi (2007) and Dupoux et al. (1999). Secondly, it is clear that non-contrastive phonetic details overcome phonological structure when both types of information conflict in loan adaptation. Thirdly, the phonetic output from the source language alone is not sufficient in loan adaptation. The comparison of acoustic realizations between the source and adapting languages needs to be taken into consideration. (Chonnam National University)
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