English Sibilants before /i/ in Korean Loanwords: A Contrast-specific Role of Phonetic Similarity
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Suh, Yunju. 2010. English sibilants in Korean loanwords: a contrast-specific role of phonetic similarity. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-4, 941-967. Korean lacks a contrast between anterior and posterior fricatives before the high front vowel /i/, as only posterior fricatives occur in this context. Yet the Korean loanword system distinguishes English /s/ and /ʃ/ using secondary labialization and the fortis-lenis contrast. The fact that English /s/ and /ʃ/ are mapped respectively to [ɕ*] and [ɕw] in Korean loanwords may be related to the phonetic similarity. Experimental results show that Korean [ɕ*] and [ɕʷ] are acoustically and perceptually the closest to English /s/ and /ʃ/, respectively. This seemingly supports perception-based models of loanword adaptation (e.g., Peperkamp and Dupoux 2003), and argues against phonemic accounts of loanword adaptation (e.g., LaCharité and Paradis 2005), which predict the anterior-posterior contrast of English to be neutralized in the Korean loanword system. However, if loanword adaptation is purely based on phonetic similarity, we expect a labialized affricate to be used in place of English /tʃ/, just as a labialized friative replaces English /ʃ/. The crucial difference between fricatives and affricates lies in the role of frication noise frequency, which is affected by the secondary labialization, in signaling the phonological contrasts of English. Whereas noise frequency difference is an essential cue for the contrast between /s/ and /ʃ/, it does not play a role in distinguishing the affricate /tʃ/ from other English consonants. To capture this contrast-specific importance of phonetic similarity in loanword adaptation, I propose that cross-linguistic sound mapping occurs at the level of auditory feature representation containing only the phonetic details relevant to the perception of phonemic contrasts. (Ewha Womans University)
Abstract
Suh, Yunju. 2010. English sibilants in Korean loanwords: a contrast-specific role of phonetic similarity. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-4, 941-967. Korean lacks a contrast between anterior and posterior fricatives before the high front vowel /i/, as only posterior fricatives occur in this context. Yet the Korean loanword system distinguishes English /s/ and /ʃ/ using secondary labialization and the fortis-lenis contrast. The fact that English /s/ and /ʃ/ are mapped respectively to [ɕ*] and [ɕw] in Korean loanwords may be related to the phonetic similarity. Experimental results show that Korean [ɕ*] and [ɕʷ] are acoustically and perceptually the closest to English /s/ and /ʃ/, respectively. This seemingly supports perception-based models of loanword adaptation (e.g., Peperkamp and Dupoux 2003), and argues against phonemic accounts of loanword adaptation (e.g., LaCharité and Paradis 2005), which predict the anterior-posterior contrast of English to be neutralized in the Korean loanword system. However, if loanword adaptation is purely based on phonetic similarity, we expect a labialized affricate to be used in place of English /tʃ/, just as a labialized friative replaces English /ʃ/. The crucial difference between fricatives and affricates lies in the role of frication noise frequency, which is affected by the secondary labialization, in signaling the phonological contrasts of English. Whereas noise frequency difference is an essential cue for the contrast between /s/ and /ʃ/, it does not play a role in distinguishing the affricate /tʃ/ from other English consonants. To capture this contrast-specific importance of phonetic similarity in loanword adaptation, I propose that cross-linguistic sound mapping occurs at the level of auditory feature representation containing only the phonetic details relevant to the perception of phonemic contrasts. (Ewha Womans University)
참고문헌 (35)
- Broselow,E,S.Chen,, "The Emergence of the Unmarked in Second Language Phonology", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 20, pp.261~280 (1998)
- Cheon,S., "Acoustic and Perceptual Similarities between English and Korean Sibilants: Implications for Second Language Acquisition", Korean Linguistics, 14, pp.41~64 (2008)
- Cho, T., "Acoustic and Aerodynamic Correlates of Korean Stops and Fricatives", Journal of Phonetics, 30, pp.193~228 (2002)
- de Manrique,A., "Acoustic Analysis and Perception of Spanish Fricative Consonants", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 69, pp.1145~1153 (1981)
- Faber,A, "Lip Protrusion in Sibilants", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 86, pp.1~4 (1989)
- Farnetani,E, "Labial Coarticulation, in Coarticulation: Theory, Data and Techniques", pp.144~163 (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Flemming,E, "Auditory Representations in Phonology" (2002), Routledge
- Gordon, M., "A Cross-linguistic Acoustic Study of Voiceless Fricatives", Journal of International Phonetic Association, 32, pp.141~174 (2002)
- Idsardi,W., "What do Korean Speakers Learn about English Fricatives?", Paper presented in the 10th Harvard International Symposium on Korean Linguistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (2003)
- Halle,M., "A Note on Laryngeal Feature", MIT Quarterly Progress Report, 101, pp.198~213 (1971)
- Iverson,G., "Perceived Syllable Structure in the Adaptation of Loanwords in Korean. Proceedings of the 2004 Linguistics Society of Korean International Conference", pp.117~135 (2004), Yonsei Institute of Language and Information Studies
- Gregory K. Iverson, "Variation in the Korean Integration of English Word-Final", s, 어학연구, pp.2006, 42(2)[DOI]
- Itô, J, "The Core-Periphery Structure of the Lexicon and Constraints on Reranking, in Papers in Optimality Theory", University of Massachusetts Occasional Papers, 18, pp.181~209 (1995)
- Johnson,K, "Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics (Second Edition)" (2003), Blackwell
- Jongman,A., "Acoustic Characteristics of English Fricatives", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 108, pp.303~310 (2000)
- Kagaya,R, "Fiberscopic and Acoustic Study of the Korean Stops, Affricates and Fricatives", Journal of Phonetics, 2, pp.161~180 (1974)
- Kenstowicz,M, "The Phonetic and Phonology of Korean Loanword Adaptation", Paper presented in the first European Conference on Korean Linguistics, Leiden University (2005)
- Kim,S, "The Interaction between Prosodic Domain and Segmental Properties", 석사, pp.2001
- Kim,S., "Phonetic Duration of English", s, Japanese, pp.Korean Linguistics, 2002[DOI]
- Korean Ministry of Culture and Sports, "Oelaye phyokipep (Foreign word orthographic notations)", ~ (1995)
- Kraljik,T., "Perceptual Adjustments to Multiple Speakers", Journal of Memory and Language, 56, pp.1~15 (2007)
- LaCharite,D., "Category Preservation and Proximity versus Phonetic Approximation in Loanword Adaptation", Linguistic Inquiry, 36(2), pp.223~258 (2005)
- Ladefoged,P, "A Course in Phonetics (Fifth Edition)" (2006), Thomson Wadsworth
- Lee,H, (1996), Thaehaksa
- Li,F., "Spectral Measures for Sibilant Fricatives of English, Japanese, and Mandarin Chinese, in Proceedings of the 16th International Congress on Phonetic Science", pp.917~920 (2007), Saarland University
- Maddieson,I., "UPSID and PHONEME" (1992), University of California
- Mcmillan,N., "Detection Theory: a User’s Guide (2nd Edition)" (2005), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., Publishers
- National Institute of the Korean Language, "Standard Korean Dictionary", ~ (2003)
- Pepermamp,S., "Reinterpreting Loanword Adaptation: the Role of Perception", Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, pp.367~370 (2003)
- Peperkamp,S, "A psychological theory of loanword adaptations", Proceedings of the 30th annual meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, pp.341~352 (2005)
- Shinohara,S, "Emergence of Universal Grammar in foreign word adaptations, in Constraints in Phonological Typology and Acquisition", pp.292~320 (2004), Cambridge University Press
- Silverman,D, "Multiple Scansions in Loanword Phonology: Evidence from Cantonese", Phonology, 9, pp.289~328 (1992)
- Suh,Y, "Phonetic and Phonological Asymmetries of Cw Combinations", 박사, pp.2009
- Yip,M, "Cantonese Loanword Phonology and Optimality Theory", Journal of East Asian Languages, 2, pp.261~291 (1993)
- Yoon,K, "A Study of Korean Alveolar Fricatives: an Acoustic Analysis, Synthesis and Perception Experiment", 석사, pp.1999