한･일 언어의 접촉과 어휘 변화의 역동성

Abstract

Korea and Japan are neighboring countries, and their unuseual relationship has led to a unique pattern of cultural and linguistic exchange. While there was a unilateral influx of culture and language from Japan in the enlightenment period and the Japanese colonial era, there was a fierce rejection of Japanese culture and language after independence. As a result, Japanese culture and language circulated in negative places. However, between the late 20th and early 21st century the rejection of Japanese culture seems to be gradually disappearing due to the opening of Japanese popular culture and the Korean Wave in Japan. Korea and Japan belong to the cultural areas of Chinese characters and share the same vocabulary of Chinese words. Before the 19th century, many words formed by Chinese characters originated from China, but after the 19th century, new words created in Japan were introduced into Korea. After the independence of Korea, there was an artificial effort to suppress Japanese vocabulary through the ‘Korean language purification movement’, but Japanese vocabulary was used in various fields and combined with Korean vocabulary to create hybrid words. Japanese vocabulary is not transplanted to Korea as it is, but it undergoes various changes as it is used by Korean speakers. In some cases, Japanese words are used so frequently that they become indistinguishable from Korean words, and in other cases, they undergo morphological changes such as consonant or vowel changes. Some words are transliterations of Japanese words, such as ‘odeokhu’. Japanese words whose meaning has changed from the original meaning also appeared in various ways. Some words have changed their meaning through new interpretations due to similarities in pronunciation, while others have changed their meaning through the process of association or analogy. Some words have been narrowed or expanded from their original meaning. The influx of vocabulary is accompanied by the spread of social and cultural phenomena. The Japanese social problem ‘Ijime’, translated as ‘wangtta’ has settled in Korean society, and along with words such as ‘geoneomul-nyeo’ and ‘chosik-nam’, a culture of not enjoying romance has developed in Korea. Japanese neologisms, such as ‘jung-i-byeong’, ‘sohwakhaeng’, and ‘jolhon’ have also been introduced to Korea.