흑산도의 해조류 채취 관행 변화 고찰 －『玆山魚譜』의 배경, 사리마을을 대상으로－

Abstract

Jeong Yak-jeon, a practical scholar of the late Joseon Dynasty, lived in Sari Village, Huksan island. He recorded fish and seaweed that lived in the nearby sea. The book is 『Jasaeobo』. 『Jasaeobo』 records the largest number of 55 Type and 226 species among marine life studies during the Joseon Dynasty. and It is noteworthy that it records local residents' knowledge of transmission. The area where seaweed was collected was ‘ttom’ jointly owned by the village. Ttom is also an organization that occupies a certain space jointly owned by the village to collect and distribute algae. In Sari Village, there are four 'ttom's, each of which controls seven rocks. In the sea near Heuksando Island, a lot of Seaweed is produced. Seaweed production in the 1910s was the highest in South Jeolla Province. In the 1960s, seaweed was still an important resource in the lives of the Heuksando people. Changes are taking place in the practice of collecting algae in Sari Village, which is based on 'ttom'. The biggest change is 'the parallel between the collection and the raise'. The kelp raise began in the 2000s. In the Heuksan area, kelp, which did not appear in the 『Jasaeobo』, shows the change in the appearance of the dominant species. Also, the number of community members decreased and grew old. So the rules related to 'ttom' are gradually weakening. Changes in the environment and way of living are changing traditional seaweed collection practices.