영어 ‘give’ 동사의 타동성
Transitivity of ‘give’ in English
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참고문헌
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초록
The purpose of this study is to suggest that ‘give’ in English is also a prototypical ditransitive verb and possesses higher semantic transitivity compared with other trivalent verbs. To prove this, this study argues that the syntactic anomaly associated with ‘give’ can be explained by its higher degree of semantic transitivity. In transitive clauses, semantic and syntactic transitivity usually agree, which means that semantically highly transitive events are usually encoded by syntactically transitive constructions. To measure the gradable transitivity in ditransitives, this study suggests four transitive semantic features and analyzes three-participant events with them in order to see which clauses can be ranked as more or less transitive. As the result of it, it is suggested that the four semantic features can be a scale measuring the degree of ditransitive transitivity. The four semantic features suggested are as follows. 1) The completeness of events, 2) the recipient as a volitional undergoer, 3) three participants with maximally distinct semantic roles, 4) the inseparability of events. All of these four semantic features must be satisfied with the animacy condition. This study shows that ‘give’ is crosslinguistically by far the most typical ditransitive verb and this is why ‘give’ is syntactically anomalous compared with other dative verbs.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to suggest that ‘give’ in English is also a prototypical ditransitive verb and possesses higher semantic transitivity compared with other trivalent verbs. To prove this, this study argues that the syntactic anomaly associated with ‘give’ can be explained by its higher degree of semantic transitivity. In transitive clauses, semantic and syntactic transitivity usually agree, which means that semantically highly transitive events are usually encoded by syntactically transitive constructions. To measure the gradable transitivity in ditransitives, this study suggests four transitive semantic features and analyzes three-participant events with them in order to see which clauses can be ranked as more or less transitive. As the result of it, it is suggested that the four semantic features can be a scale measuring the degree of ditransitive transitivity. The four semantic features suggested are as follows. 1) The completeness of events, 2) the recipient as a volitional undergoer, 3) three participants with maximally distinct semantic roles, 4) the inseparability of events. All of these four semantic features must be satisfied with the animacy condition. This study shows that ‘give’ is crosslinguistically by far the most typical ditransitive verb and this is why ‘give’ is syntactically anomalous compared with other dative verbs.
참고문헌 (23)
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