One Way of Understanding Post-Cold War American Foreign Policy: Based on Walter Russell Mead’ s Typology Analysis
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As one way of understanding American foreign policy, this paper refers to Walter Russell Mead’s typology and applies it to the analysis of post-Cold War US foreign policy with focus on the Bush, Obama, Trump and Biden administrations. Mead argues that the four schools of the Hamiltonian and Wilsonian brand of internationalism and the Jeffersonian and Jacksonian strand of nationalism, which have been historically constructed, have constituted a major determinant of American foreign policy. Mead contends that American foreign policy rests on a balance of the four contrasting and competing ideas that have aligned and realigned themselves in response to varying external and internal circumstances. Prior to World War II, Jeffersonian and Jacksonian ideas heavily affected the process of making foreign policies. Since the end of the war, Wilsonian and Hamiltonian internationalism emerged dominant. During the early post-Cold War periods, the United States kept implementing the internationalism. However, since the early 21th Century, Jeffersonian and Jacksonian nationalist tendencies have been increasingly important in the makings of foreign policies. Mead intended to find out ideas in American history and traditions that have significant impacts on the current American foreign policy and provide an analytical tool to understand the making of American foreign policy in an American way. This paper is written to contribute to comprehending American foreign policy from a perspective intrinsic to the American history.
Abstract
As one way of understanding American foreign policy, this paper refers to Walter Russell Mead’s typology and applies it to the analysis of post-Cold War US foreign policy with focus on the Bush, Obama, Trump and Biden administrations. Mead argues that the four schools of the Hamiltonian and Wilsonian brand of internationalism and the Jeffersonian and Jacksonian strand of nationalism, which have been historically constructed, have constituted a major determinant of American foreign policy. Mead contends that American foreign policy rests on a balance of the four contrasting and competing ideas that have aligned and realigned themselves in response to varying external and internal circumstances. Prior to World War II, Jeffersonian and Jacksonian ideas heavily affected the process of making foreign policies. Since the end of the war, Wilsonian and Hamiltonian internationalism emerged dominant. During the early post-Cold War periods, the United States kept implementing the internationalism. However, since the early 21th Century, Jeffersonian and Jacksonian nationalist tendencies have been increasingly important in the makings of foreign policies. Mead intended to find out ideas in American history and traditions that have significant impacts on the current American foreign policy and provide an analytical tool to understand the making of American foreign policy in an American way. This paper is written to contribute to comprehending American foreign policy from a perspective intrinsic to the American history.
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