미국의 ‘지정학적 코드’와 대중동 정책: 한국 외교에 대한 함의
Geopolitical Code of the U.S. and its Foreign Policy towards the Middle East: Implications to South Korea
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South Korea is one of the major Middle Power that leads the international agendas and asserts influence to the states in the Middle East. However, Korea is rather a partner or a cooperative state with them, who is not strong enough to take the leader’s role in those relations. Above all, Korea’s foreign policy towards the Middle East is strongly influenced by international circumstances and, to an extent, bound to the United States’ foreign policy towards the Middle East. The main purpose of this research is to figure out the context and the dynamics that drive the changes in the U.S. foreign policy towards the Middle East, and by doing so, we can draw out an implication to our foreign policy towards the region. In order to aptly and flexibly respond to those ‘changes,’ it is imperative to figure out the background and the fundamental factors that lie underneath the ‘constant’ variable. For this purpose, the concept of ‘Geopolitical Code’ will be applied as an analytical tool. The foreign policy of the U.S. is based on the Geopolitical Code, which functions as a justification and supportive instrument when represented towards its own people and the international community. First of all, through some literature reviews, we will identify which theory or context other scholars used to analyze the U.S. foreign policy towards the Middle East. By doing so, we will verify the strength of the Geopolitical Code approach. Then, the theoretical background will be given about the concept and the structure of the Geopolitical Code. With that knowledge, we will then move on to analyze the Geopolitical Codes of the former U.S. Administrations in the 21st century (Bush, Obama, and Trump). Then we will conclude with some implications that can be drawn for Korea in devising its own foreign policy towards the Middle East.
Abstract
South Korea is one of the major Middle Power that leads the international agendas and asserts influence to the states in the Middle East. However, Korea is rather a partner or a cooperative state with them, who is not strong enough to take the leader’s role in those relations. Above all, Korea’s foreign policy towards the Middle East is strongly influenced by international circumstances and, to an extent, bound to the United States’ foreign policy towards the Middle East. The main purpose of this research is to figure out the context and the dynamics that drive the changes in the U.S. foreign policy towards the Middle East, and by doing so, we can draw out an implication to our foreign policy towards the region. In order to aptly and flexibly respond to those ‘changes,’ it is imperative to figure out the background and the fundamental factors that lie underneath the ‘constant’ variable. For this purpose, the concept of ‘Geopolitical Code’ will be applied as an analytical tool. The foreign policy of the U.S. is based on the Geopolitical Code, which functions as a justification and supportive instrument when represented towards its own people and the international community. First of all, through some literature reviews, we will identify which theory or context other scholars used to analyze the U.S. foreign policy towards the Middle East. By doing so, we will verify the strength of the Geopolitical Code approach. Then, the theoretical background will be given about the concept and the structure of the Geopolitical Code. With that knowledge, we will then move on to analyze the Geopolitical Codes of the former U.S. Administrations in the 21st century (Bush, Obama, and Trump). Then we will conclude with some implications that can be drawn for Korea in devising its own foreign policy towards the Middle East.
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