청소년 시민의식과 학교 시민교육: 교실 환경의 관점에서
Adolescent Citizenship and Civic Education in School
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본 연구는 한국 청소년의 시민의식 수준이 보여주는 흥미로운 현상에 주목한다. 이를 위해시민의식을 인지적 차원과 비인지적 차원으로 구분한다. 시민지식과 태도 및 행태적 의향이바로 그것인데 한국 청소년은 높은 시민지식 수준을 보여준다. 그러나 시민의식의 비인지적차원을 구성하는 태도 및 행태적 의향은 상대적으로 낮다. 구체적으로 한국 청소년은 정치제도 및 타인에 대한 신뢰가 낮고 미래 정치참여에 대한 기대도 낮다. 이 연구는 이러한 양자간 차이를 학교 시민교육의 관점에서 알아본다. 그 중 학교 환경을 구성하는 핵심 수단으로서교실 환경의 개방성 수준에 따른 시민의식의 태도 및 행태적 의향의 차이를 분석한다. 그 결과 교실 환경을 자유로운 토론이 가능한 개방적인 공간으로 인식하는 학생은 그렇지 않은 경우에 비해 정부, 정당, 국회와 같은 제도 및 타인에 대한 신뢰도나 정치참여 의향에서 높은 수준의 시민의식을 보여준다.
Abstract
This study focuses on the interesting aspects of adolescent citizenship in South Korea by classifying citizenship into cognitive and non-cognitive domains, that is, civic knowledge and affective–behavioral intentions, respectively. Korean adolescents show high levels of civic knowledge. However, their affective–behavioral intentions, representing non-cognitive domains of citizenship, are relatively low. Korean adolescents have low trust in political institutions and people in general, and low anticipated for future political participation as adults. This study assesses the gap between the two domains in terms of citizenship in school. In particular, it explores education through school democracy and analyzes the relationship between the affective–behavioral intentions of citizenship and openness in class climate as a key tool for constructing school climate. The results indicate a positive association between adolescents’ perceptions of class climate and the key indicators of the affective–behavioral intentions of citizenship. Students who perceive the class as an open space for free discussion tend to be more positive towards political institutions, people in general, and expected political participation in adulthood.
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