農巖 金昌協과 燕巖 朴趾源의 거리 -문학론에서 眞 개념의 운용추이를 중심으로-

Abstract

This study set out to demonstrate that the literary theory emphasizing Jin and Seongjeongjijin was a characteristic literary theory of the latter half of Joseon in opposition to the Seongjeong Theory of the former half of Joseon and examine the ideological backgrounds of the literary theory. During the period when Kim Chang-hyeop and Kim Chang-heup were active, there was a vogue of formal literature copying the works of the deceased under the influence of Jeonhuchilja. Both Kim Chang-hyeop and Kim Chang-heup raised a literary theory emphasizing Jin, announcing their opinions that literature should not be restricted by law and form and express the authors' true nature instead. The true feeling they emphasized was the right sentiment that stopped at courtesy. Their orientation toward not being restricted by form but expressing true feeling was only possible on a foundation of the recovered right nature. Thus it is safe to say that their literary theory emphasizing the expression of true feeling is not much differentiated from the Seongjeong Theory of the former half of Joseon that argued that there was the right nature inside one and that one can create remarkable poetry and prose by naturally revealing the right nature. Literary figures of the 18th century including Park Ji-won and Lee Ok maintained that there should be Tao in the minds of all creatures and human beings and that literary works describing frivolous objects and love between man and woman in truthful ways could claim the same value as a scripture. The doctrines of Chu-tzu places importance on distinction between Tao and Qi and accordingly tries to find Tao in nature instead of mind and in the scriptures of the deceased instead of current reality,while arguing that Tao lies in the minds of human beings and all creatures. On the other hand, Yangmyeonghak argues that "While Tao is thing, a scripture is the recording of my mind and history truthfully reflecting the reality of the times." The opinions of Park Ji-won and Lee Ok that tried to find Tao in the vivid reality of the times and natural human emotions themselves were influenced by Yangmyeonghak.