19세기 시학상의 由陸入杜와 由蘇入杜論

Abstract

In the early ninteenth century, Chu-Sa(秋史:1786~1856)) and Ja-Ha(紫霞:1769~1847) brought studies of Su Dong-po(蘇東坡:1036~1101) to hot attention. That was a reappearance of hot fever regarding poems of Song(宋) dynasty and Su Dong-po, which had occurred from the end of Coryo(高麗) to the beginning of Chosun(朝鮮) dynasty. What at that time caused the enthusiasm of Su's works? And What does it suggest till today? The eighteenth century was a bridge to the modern period, and various thoughts and cultures were flown into Chosun. Curiousities regarding Buk'hak(北學) and Seohak(西學) were magnified among intellectuals who tried to accept the new influxes. By ninteenth century, as cultural exchanges with China increase, movement to accept Chinese culture became vigorous. Consequently, enthusiasm of Su's works reappeared by the group of intellectuals, while Jeong-Jo(正祖:1752~1800) and Da-San(茶山:1762~1836) were on the opposite side. From the governor's viewpoint, literatures which were away from the doctrines of Chu-tz(朱子) were not favorable. Two mainstreams to study poetics, Youyukipdu(由陸入杜) and Yousoipdu(由蘇入杜) began with the historic background. Jeong-Jo suggested to learn Lu-You(陸游:1125~1210), who showed his utmost patriotism in his works, before learning Du-Fu(杜甫:712~770). On the other hand, intellectuals such as Chu-Sa, Ja-Ha, and Keum-Ryeong(錦舲:1808~1872) emphasized to learn Su Dong-po, who had learned from various masters, to accomplish Du-Fu's state. Chu-Sa is at the starting point of Yousoipdu. Introduction of this new idea goes back to the days when Chu-Sa met Weng Feng-gang(翁方綱), who was on the top of bibliographical and epigraphical study of Chinese classics. Even though Chu-Sa did not directly mention about Yousoipdu, his view of poetics, writing skills, and epigraphical study apparently show the influence of Weng Feng-gang. Most of all, Chu-Sa contributed to Yousoipdu by introducing Weng to Ja-Ha and spreading poetics based on Yousoipdu. Ja-Ha, who was strongly motivated by Chu-Sa's Yousoipdu, accepted Su Dong-po by heart after interchanging ideas with Weng Feng-gang. Though it's not hard to find Su's name out in Ja-Ha's academic family history, his enthusiasm about Su Dong-po's works became deeper at that moment. Moreover, Ja-Ha handed down and even extended Yousoipdu by implanting his thoughts to his successors including Keum-Ryeong. As introduced above, Youyukipdu(由陸入杜) and Yousoipdu(由蘇入杜) became two main roots of studying poetics. Especially, syndrome of Su Dong-po's work such as Yousoipdu was not limited to some people's taste or fancy. Not only was it revived by the leading groups of the era, but it became a norm and trend to poets who were on the front. Also, it is known that Ja-Ha's studies affected Keum-Ryeong who was a poet in late ninteenth century.