언어유형시론

Abstract

The findings of this tentative analysis as to the linguistic types of 161 languages are as follows: ① Linguistic types result from `topicalizers` such as declensional endings, word order and `agglutinations` (or the so-called postpositions or particles). ② The types according to the same are here termed as `morphic` (or inflexional), `taxic` (or isolating plus introflexive) and `lexic` (or agglutinative plus polysynthetic) types. ③ The implicational universality between linguistic types and topicalizers are such as: (1) Morphic type→morphological topicalizer→declensional endings (2) Taxic type→syntactical topicalizer→word order (3) Lexic type→morpho→syntactical topicalizer→agglutinations ④ The principles-parameters among linguistic types, word order and genealogy are such as: (1) Morphic type/＿SOV/SVO/VSO/ ＿ genealogical factors (2) Taxic type/＿SOV/SVO/VSO/＿ genealogical factors (3) Lexic type/＿ SOV/＿genealogical factors ⑤ The 161 object languages here have been, respectively, classified into one of the said three types and not otherwise.