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수학 영역에 있어 중재반응모델의 중재 요소에 대한 고찰

A study on major components of response-to-intervention in mathematics

이성환|우정한|김용욱|안정애
한국특수교육문제연구소 (Research Institute of the Korea Special Education)|2008.03|특수교육저널:이론과 실천 (Journal of Special Education: Theory and Practice)|제9권 제1호|pp. 279-302

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참고문헌

키워드

학습장애중재반응모델Learning Disabilities.RTIresponse-to-intervention
주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 수학 영역에 있어 중재반응모델을 적용하기에 앞서 해결되어야 할 1) 중재반응모델의 적용 시기와 대상 2) 단(tier)의 수와 단의 성격 3) 비반응의 측정 4) 학습장애 판별 방식 등에 관련한 문제들에 대해 합의점을 도출하기 위하여 관련한 미국의 실험연구들을 분석하였다. 2007년까지의 해당 연구들을 수집한 결과 총 6편에 달했다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중재반응모델은 주로 전학급 또는 전학년을 대상으로 초등학교 1, 2학년 시기에 적용하고 있었다. 둘째, 2-3개의 단을 많이 채택하고 있었으며, 1단은 위험군 아동을 선별하고, 2단과 3단에서 교수의 강도를 증가시켜 나가고 있었다. 셋째, 측정도구는 주로 CBM을 사용하고 있었으며, 위험군 아동의 선별은 하위 16% 준거를 많이 사용하고, 비반응에 대한 준거는 다양했다. 넷째, 1편의 연구에서 중재반응모델을 통한 학습장애 판별이 출현율을 줄여주는 엄격한 기준이 될 수 있음을 나타냈다. 이를 통해 수학 영역에 있어 중재반응모델의 적용에 따른 얼마간의 방법적절차적 문제에 대하여 시사점을 발견할 수 있었으나, 완전한 해결점을 도출하기에는 계속된 이론적실험적인 검증이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

Abstract

In this study, 6 experimental studies, which applied the response-to-intervention (RTI) to the at-risk children on mathematics, were analyzed to draw a solution on the main problematic issues before introduction and application in Korea. 6 studies which have been reported from 1982 to 2007, were reviewed on issues such as: 1) appropriate time and target population for effective applying RTI; 2) numbers and types of tier 3) measurement ways to nonresponse 4) effectiveness on identifying of learning difficulties. The major conclusions are summarized as follows: First, the response-to-intervention model was mainly applied to the 1st and 2nd grade students with class-wide or school-wide. Second, 2 or 3 tiers were mainly adopted and the 1st tier were used for selecting at-risk children, then the 2nd and 3rd tier were each used for increasing intensive teaching. Third, the CBM was mainly used as a measurement tool, and low-ranking 16% criteria was applied in selecting at-risk children, but criteria in nonresponse were various. Forth, it is suggested that response-to-intervention model could be a strict standard which might decrease a prevalence in identifying learning disabilities.Based on these results, there are, though, some implications in measurement and procedural issues in applying response-to-intervention to mathematics field for students with learning difficulties, however, it seems to be still needed theoretical and experimental verifications to find out perfect agreement on these issues.

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