자폐성장애 학생의 자모지식 교육의 방향: 특수교사의 경험에 대한 UDL 원리 중심의 분석
Direction of Korean Letter Knowledge Education for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Analysis of the UDL Principle on Experience of Special Teachers' Education
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초록
[목적] 이 연구의 목적은 자폐성장애 학생을 위한 자모지식 교육의 방향을 탐구하는 것이다. [방법] 이를 위하여 2020년 10월 온라인 줌(Zoom)을 사용하여 자폐성장애 학생의 자모지식 교육 경험이 있는 5명의 특수교사를 중심으로 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 면담내용을 전사한 후 보편적 학습설계 원리를 토대로 분석하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. [결과] 첫째, 표상의 원리 중심의 방향이다. 자모지식 교수를 위해 UDL을 적용할 때 인지 방법의 다양한 선택을 위해 차별적 자극을 제공하거나 익숙한 환경에서 자주 접하는 매체를 활용하는 것이 중요하다. 이외에도 학생의 인지적 수준에 따라 AAC 기반의 교수 및 주제 중심의 접근 등을 취하는 것도 고려할 수 있다. 둘째, 행동과 표현 중심의 방향이다. 자폐성장애 학생에게 자모지식을 교수할 시 오감을 활용한 신체활동과 모델링 제공, 컴퓨터 등의 매체, 토큰경제 시스템의 적용 및 과제수행에 따른 피드백 제공이 필요하다. 셋째, 참여 중심의 방향이다. 자폐성장애 학생에게 자모지식을 교수하기 위해 학생들이 좋아하는 어플리케이션을 적용하거나, 컴퓨터 기반의 학습 및 증감현실 앱 등의 활용을 고려할 수 있다. [결론] 시각적으로 제시되는 정보 처리를 선호하는 자폐성장애 학생에게 자모지식을 교수할 때 결과에서 제시한 UDL의 원리와 지침을 고려하는 것이 중요하다.
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to explore the direction of Korean letter-knowledge education for students with autism spectrum disorder. [Method] A focus group interview was conducted for five special teachers with having experience in teaching Korean letter knowledge of students with autism spectrum disorders using online zoom. After transcribing the interview contents, an analysis was conducted based on the principles of universal design for learning(UDL). [Result] First, it is the direction of the principle of representation. When applying UDL for Korean letter knowledge teaching, it is necessary to provide discriminate stimulus or to use media that are frequently encountered in familiar environments. In addition, depending on the student's cognitive level, it is also possible to consider taking an AAC-based teaching and theme-based approach. Second, it is the direction of action and expression. When teaching Korean letter knowledge for students with autism spectrum disorders, it is necessary to provide physical activities using the five senses and modeling, computers, applying of the token economy system, and providing feedback according to the performance of students’ task. Third, it is the direction of participation-oriented. In order to teach Korean letter knowledge for students with autism spectrum disorders, students' favorite applications can be applied, or computer-based learning and augmented reality apps can be considered. [Conclusion] It is necessary to consider the principles and guidelines of UDL presented in the results when teaching Korean letter knowledge for students with autism spectrum disorders who are visual learner.
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