倭 왕권과 隼人(하야토)

Abstract

This paper focuses on the relationship of Wa(倭) government and Hayato(隼人) who lived in the southern part of Kusyu(九州) area in the change of foreign relationship in East Asia. Ancient Japanese regarded Hayato as a barbarian minority. Nihonshoki(日本書紀) began to write Hayato in the early 5th century. Hayato served powerful political figures as guard, so sometimes they was called as guard soldier. Because they served powerful political figures as guard, and wailed to death, they was buried near the royal tomb of King of Yuraku(雄略). Hayato in the area of Kinai(畿內) built the chamber tomb(橫穴式墓) which derived from the type of the chamber tomb of the southern part of Kushu. The southern part of Kushu also built the chamber tombs that contained burial goods from Kinai and key hole tomb with a round rear mound(前方後圓墳). These two kind of tombs manifest that Wa government and Hayato had the relationship in the period of mounded tomb(古墳). King of Yuraku(雄略) sent his envoy to Song(宋) dynasty in the southern part of China, bring a foreign document of Wa to Song emperor. In that document, King of Yuraku insisted that his ancestors conquered many barbarian 66 states of southern part of Japanese archipelago to expand their territory(西服衆夷六十六國). I think that 66 states contained Hayato, because many barbarian(衆夷) is not specific name. During the 5th century, Kings of Wa involved in international stage to expand their power and achieve the advanced culture of China. In 5th century, Nihonshoki wrote on Hayato in Kinai. These reflect not only the relationship of Wa and Hayato, but also the active strategy of Wa in the East Asian foreign affairs. In the early 7th century, the record on Hayato in Nihonshoki began to disappear, the record on the people who lived in the islands stretched from the Japanese archipelago(南島人). Sui(隋) dynasty unified China which experienced the long disunion era, expanded the power to East Asia. Emperor Yang(煬帝) of Sui ordered the officer of Sui to seek new culture in East China sea. A officer of Sui bring a kind of armor with clothes to the royal court of Sui. At that time Sui government didn't know which state use that kind of amor, asked that a envoy of Wa. Envoy of Wa said that the armor was used by Yixieguguo(夷邪久國). Eventually envoy of Wa witnessed that Sui dynasty wanted to expand their power to the East China sea, I think envoy of Wa let Wa government know the international strategy of Sui government. Sui government began to know that Yixieguguo is Liuqiuguo(流求國), sent the many army to Liuqiuguo, and conquered Liuqiuyguo. According to the new foreign affairs in East Asia, Wa government endeavored to know the foreign policy of Sui. Although Document of Sui(隋書) wrote that Sui and Wa severed diplomatic relation after A.D 608, but Nihonshoki wrote that Wa government sent envoy of Wa to Sui in A.D 614. Therefore the records on peoples who lived in the islands stretched from the Japanese archipelago(南島人) in Nihonshoki reflect on the active policy of Wa on the expansion of Sui in the early 7th century.