덤핑방지관세 부과방식과 가격전가 효과 연구: 미국과 한국의 비교
A Study on the Differences in the System of Imposing Antidumping Duties and the Patterns of Pass-through: A Comparison between the U.S. and Korea
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초록
본 논문은 한국무역위원회(KTC)에 제소된 2건(스테인레스스틸 바와 PET필름)의 사례에 대하여 부과된 덤핑방지관세의 가격전가효과를 추정하고 이를 미국의 경우와 비교하였다. 미국은 소급적 기초하에 관세를 부과함으로써 가격인상을 통하여 덤핑방지관세를 회피할 수 있게 된다. 그러나 한국을 비롯한 EU 등의 국가에서는 전망적 기초하에 관세를 부과하기 때문에 수출기업들은 오히려 가격인하를 통하여 시장에서의 지위를 유지할 유인이 존재하게 된다. 추정결과 실제로 수출기업들은 미국의 경우와 달리 가격을 인하 - 음(-)의 가격전가-한다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 덤핑방지관세의 부과대상이 아닌 품목에는 유의한 가격전가행위가 발생하지 않음을 발견하였다. 본 논문의 추정결과는 수입국의 덤핑방지관세의 부과방식 차이에 따라 기업의 환률 및 가격전가 행동이 다르게 나타날 수 있음을 보여주었다는 점에서 연구의 의의를 찾을 수 있다고 생각된다.
Abstract
This paper analyzes the pass-through effect of anti-dumping duties using 2 cases(Stainless Steel Bar, and PET film) filed to Korea Trade Commission. And compared it with the results of the U.S. cases. The motivation of this research is that, with differences in the way of imposing anti-dumping duties between the U.S. and Korea, where the U.S. imposes it on the retrospective basis while Korea on the prospective basis,we conjecture exporters pass-through the duties into pricing differently. Estimation results using FGLS(Feasible GLS) confirm that exporters negatively pass-through the duties imposed, i.e. decrease the price of the items where duties were imposed which is in contrast with the U.S. cases where the exporters increase the price of that item(positive pass-through). Also, we confirm that there was nothing like a pass-through in the items where anti-dumping duties were not imposed. Results of this paper show that the differences in the way of imposing anti-dumping duties of importing countries can induce different pricing and exchange rate pass-through behavior of firms.
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