코로나-19 시대의 NGO, 무엇이 문제이고 어떻게 대응해야 하나?
NGOs in the Era of COVID-19, What Are the Problems and How to Respond to?
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코로나-19로 인한 사회구조의 변화는 전대미문의 대형 재난에 직면해서 인본주의적 가치를 추구하기 마련인 NGO의 활동 환경에 다면적인 영향을 미친다. 그 가운데에서도 NGO의 활동에 대한 수요는 급증하는 데 반해 이를 뒷받침할 재정자원의 후원은 급감하는 사회구조의 변화가 NGO로서는 가장 대응하기 어려운 경우다. 이런 구조적 모순에 조응하여 NGO는 인사, 조직, 재정, 위기, 목표 등의 관리차원에서 자기 혁신에 나서는 것은 물론이고 다른 NGO, 지역사회공동체, 정부 등과의 협력적 공조체제를 강화하고 공론장을 통해 세론을 종합하며 나아가서는 가상운동으로의 전환을 도모하게 된다. 그러나 이 과정에서 가상사회의 한계가 드러나는 만큼 이를 극복하기 위해 가상사회와 현실사회의 융합, 국가 개입주의에 따른 NGO의 정부 지원 활동과 정부의 NGO 활동 제약 같은 자기 모순에서 벗어나기 위한 국가와 시민사회 간의 협력적 공조체제 구축, 인본주의 가치의 중립성 유지를 위한 서비스 공급자와 수용자 사이의 협력 관계 모색 등이 당면한 과제로 제기된다. 이는 NGO 활동은 물론 그에 대한 분석에 있어서도 양초점 전략을 주문하는 것에 다름 아니다.
Abstract
The social structural changes caused by COVID-19 have multi-dimensional impacts on the environment in which NGOs are set to pursue humanitarian value being faced with such a magnificent disaster never heard before. Among them, it is most difficult for NGOs to respond when the demands for NGOs' activities soar up drastically while the financial supports for them shrink so suddenly. In response to these structural contradictions, NGOs will not only engage in self-innovation of personnel, organization, finance, risk, and goal priority management but will also strengthen cooperative governance with other NGOs, local communities, and governments and push ahead public forums, and further promote the transition to virtual movements. However, in the process, as the limitations of virtual society are revealed, it is inevitable to converge virtual and real societies. Being reminded of the contradictions between the government-sponsored activities of NGOs and constraints on the activities of NGOs by the governments, it is suggested to establish cooperative governance between state and civil society. And it is also suggested to search for cooperative relations between service providers and recipients to maintain the neutrality of humanitarian value pursued by NGOs. This is nothing more than to look for a bi-focalism not only in the NGOs activities but also in the analysis of them.
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