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The Moon Reflected in a Thousand Rivers: Literary and Linguistic Problems in Wŏrinch’ŏn’gang chi kok

RossKing
동아시아학술원 (The Academy of East Asian Studies)|2018.04|Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies|제18권 제1호|pp. 1-42|DOI 10.21866/esjeas.2018.18.1.001

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참고문헌

키워드

transitivitygrammatical consciousnessdiglossiavernacularizationThe Moon Reflected in a Thousand RiversWo˘rinch’o˘n’gang chi kokMiddle Korean grammarakchang kasadiscourse transitivityLife of the BuddhaChoso˘n dynasty vernacular literatureSamgang haengsiltoKorean historical grammarMiddle Korean orthographyKorean Buddhist literature
주제분류학제간연구

초록

Despite its importance as one of the very first literary works written using the newly invented Korean script in mid-15th century Choso˘n, the Wo˘rinch’o˘n’gang chi kok 月印千江之曲 (Songs of the moon reflected in a thousand rivers; henceforth, Wo˘l kok) has been little studied or appreciated, especially in English. This paper surveys the scholarly literature to date on both literary and linguistic problems in the Wo˘l kok and suggests that the relative paucity of literary research on this work as compared to studies of a linguistic nature is due to the general difficulty of understanding the text without a detailed knowledge of both Middle Korean and Buddhism (and especially the biography of the Buddha). After outlining some of the debates about the authorship, original language, and relative chronology of the Wo˘l kok vis-à-vis the Yongbio˘ch’o˘n ka and the So˘kpo sangjo˘l, the bulk of the paper focuses on one pesky grammatical issue in Middle Korean (defined here as the language of the 15th and 16th centuries) as exemplified in the Wo˘l kok: the alternation of -·ke-/-·Ge- vs. -·e- in certain verb endings. I propose a new approach to transitivity in Middle Korean based on Hopper and Thompson’s (1980) notion of “discourse transitivity” and show how a treatment of -·ke-/-·Ge- as “Low Transitive” and -·e- as “High Transitive” improves on earlier analyses of this alternation and also helps our understanding (and translations) of the Wo˘l kok.

Abstract

Despite its importance as one of the very first literary works written using the newly invented Korean script in mid-15th century Choso˘n, the Wo˘rinch’o˘n’gang chi kok 月印千江之曲 (Songs of the moon reflected in a thousand rivers; henceforth, Wo˘l kok) has been little studied or appreciated, especially in English. This paper surveys the scholarly literature to date on both literary and linguistic problems in the Wo˘l kok and suggests that the relative paucity of literary research on this work as compared to studies of a linguistic nature is due to the general difficulty of understanding the text without a detailed knowledge of both Middle Korean and Buddhism (and especially the biography of the Buddha). After outlining some of the debates about the authorship, original language, and relative chronology of the Wo˘l kok vis-à-vis the Yongbio˘ch’o˘n ka and the So˘kpo sangjo˘l, the bulk of the paper focuses on one pesky grammatical issue in Middle Korean (defined here as the language of the 15th and 16th centuries) as exemplified in the Wo˘l kok: the alternation of -·ke-/-·Ge- vs. -·e- in certain verb endings. I propose a new approach to transitivity in Middle Korean based on Hopper and Thompson’s (1980) notion of “discourse transitivity” and show how a treatment of -·ke-/-·Ge- as “Low Transitive” and -·e- as “High Transitive” improves on earlier analyses of this alternation and also helps our understanding (and translations) of the Wo˘l kok.

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