壮族古方块文字特征分析
An Analysis of the Characteristics of Ancient Zhuang Square Script
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초록
本文以《古壮字字典》所收录的自造字为核心材料，系统分析古壮字的构形类型与结构逻辑，重点探讨其在语言适配、音义对应与符号重组等方面的机制特征。文章将自造字划分为独体字、合体字与变体字三大类，并进一步辨析合体字中的会意、形声、加形、二形、二声与反切六种构形方式。研究发现，古壮字构形体系在继承汉字“六书”原则的基础上，发展出具有本土化特征的复合构字策略，展现出对壮语音节结构的深度整合与对汉字构件的再编码能力。特别是在音节拼组、语义强化与形式创新等维度，古壮字体现出高效率的构形原则与符号表达机制。本文尝试建立一套适用于古壮字分析的构形分类体系，为汉字系民族文字的比较研究与构形理论拓展提供参考。
Abstract
This study focuses on the self-created characters recorded in the Dictionary of Ancient Zhuang Characters, offering a systematic analysis of their structural types and formation logic. The research categorizes these characters into three main types: monograms (independent single-component characters), compound characters (composed of two or more elements), and variant characters (formed through structural alterations). Further classification of compound characters reveals six subtypes: ideogrammatic compounds, phono-semantic compounds, affixal additions, dual-form constructions, dual-sound formations, and fanqie-type combinations. The findings indicate that the Zhuang script, while drawing on the traditional Chinese liushu (six principles of character formation), developed its own localized and compound character-building strategies. These strategies demonstrate deep integration with Zhuang phonological structures and innovative recombination of Chinese character components. Notably, the system exhibits high efficiency in phonetic assembly, semantic reinforcement, and visual-symbolic innovation. This paper proposes a typological framework for analyzing these ancient Zhuang characters and contributes to broader comparative studies of sinographic scripts and the theoretical expansion of logographic writing systems.